虫生真菌粉虱拟青霉的培养性状和寄主范围  

Studies on The Cultural Characteristics and Host Range of The Entomogenous Fungus Paedlomyces Aleurocanthm

作　　者：唐美君[1] 殷坤山[1] 陈雪芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院茶叶研究所,浙江杭州310008

出　　处：《茶叶科学》2003年第B06期46-52,共7页Journal of Tea Science

基　　金："九五"国家科技攻关子专题96-005-01-09-01内容之一

摘　　要：本文详细描述了粉虱拟青霉的形态及在多种培养基上的培养特征,对菌丝生长、产孢、大量培养条件及寄主范围进行了研究,结果表明,该菌在PDA、麦麸汁等培养基上生长速率较快,在察氏、萨氏等培养基上生长缓慢,培养19 d菌落直径分别为40-42 mm,29-35 mm。该菌产孢缓慢,增加光照与添加N源显著促进其产孢。液体扩大培养的最适培养基为10％麦麸+2％蔗糖。固体发酵(稻壳+麦麸)孢子产量较低,为1.6-6亿/克;浅盘静置培养孢子产量则较高,为6.4-30亿/克。该菌可以寄生黑刺粉虱、椰圆蚧和温室白粉虱,不能寄生茶尺蠖、假眼小绿叶蝉、茶橙瘿螨和茶蚜。The morphology and the cultural characteristics on several culture media of Paecilomyces aleurocanthus were described in detail. The growth of hyphae, sporulation, conditions of mass production and host range of this fungus were studied. The results showed that the growth of hyphae on PDA and Bran-glucose Agar media was faster than that on Czapek, SDA and SMAY media. The diameters of the colony on the two types of medium were 40-42 mm, 29-35 mm respectively after 19 days' cultivation. The sporulation of this fugus was slow, the yield of the sporulation was evidently promoted when adding nitrogen source in medium or increasing illumination time. The medium (10% wheat bran and 2% sucrose) was most suitable for liquid fermentation among 5 media; the yield of the sporulation in solid fermentation using rice shell added wheat bran was 1.6-6 x 108 spores per gram, yet the yield of the sporulation using static culture in shallow pan could get to 6.4-30 x 108 spores per gram. Artificial inoculation and field investigation showed that the Paecilomyces aleurocanthus fungi could parasitize those insect pests including Aleurocanthus spiniferus, Aspidiotus destructor and Trialeurodes vaporariorum, but couldn't parasitize those insect pests including Ectropis obliqua , Toxoptera aurantii, Acaphylla theae and Empoasca vitis.

关 键 词：虫生真菌 粉虱拟青霉 培养性状 寄主范围 培养基 黑刺粉虱 茶树害虫 寄生菌 生物防治 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]