非离子乳化剂对淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸反相乳液聚合反应的作用  

Effect of Nonionic Surfactant Emulsifiers in Inverse Emulsion on the Graft Copolymerization of AM-AC on Starch

作　　者：杨锦宗[1] 曹亚峰[1] 刘兆丽[2] 马希晨[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学精细化工国家重点实验室,大连116012 [2]大连轻工业学院化工系,大连116034

出　　处：《应用化学》2003年第8期768-772,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry

摘　　要：以非离子表面活性剂及其复配物为乳化剂制备油包水型聚合乳液。研究了丙烯酰胺 (AM)、丙烯酸(AC)在淀粉上进行反相乳液接枝聚合反应过程中乳化剂的作用。讨论了乳化剂种类、组成、用量及乳液形成方法对单体转化率、接枝率、产品特性粘数的影响。结果表明 ,由单一表面活性剂进行复配得到的混合物的乳化效果最好 ,当以m(Span2 0 )∶m(OP4 ) =4 0∶6 0或m(Span2 0 )∶m(OP10 ) =6 0∶4 0的复配物作为乳化剂 ,ω(乳化剂 ) =6 %～ 7% ,V(油 )∶V(水 ) =1 2∶1,m(AM)∶m(AC) =4∶1,c((NH4 ) 2 S2 O8) =2 4× 10 - 4mol L ,时间 6h ,t =4 5℃ ,接枝率可达 98% ,产物的特性粘数可达 10 10～ 10 2 0mL g。The graft copolymers were synthesized by copolymerization of starch with mixture of acrylamide(AM) and acrylic acid(AC). The graft copolymerization was carried out in the systems of Span20, Span60, Tween20, Tween81, OP4, OP10 and their mixtures, respectively. The effects of kind of emulsifiers, emulsification method and emulsifier concentration on the monomer conversion and grafting yield and specific viscosity have been discussed. At the following conditions of copolymerization: m (Span20)∶ m (OP4)=40∶60 or m (Span20)∶ m (OP10)=60∶40, mass fraction of mixture emulsifier in oil was 6%～7%, V (oil)∶ V (water)= 1 2∶1, m (starch)∶ m (monomer)=1∶1, m (AM)∶ m (AC)=4∶1, c ((NH 4) 2S 2O 8)=2 4× 10 -4 mol/L ,time 6 h, t =45 ℃, the grafting yield was 97%～98% and specific viscosity of the product was 1 010～1 020 mL/g.

关 键 词：非离子乳化剂 淀粉 丙烯酰胺 丙烯酸 接枝共聚 反相乳液 

分 类 号：O631[理学—高分子化学]