长江口附近海域春季浮游硅藻的种类组成和生态分布  

Species composition and ecological distribution of planktonic diatoms in the Changjiang River estuary during Spring

作　　者：高亚辉[1] 虞秋波[1] 齐雨藻[2] 邹景忠[3] 陆斗定[4] 李扬[1] 陈长平[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学生命科学学院,厦门361005 [2]暨南大学,广州510632 [3]中国科学院海洋研究所,青岛266071 [4]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所,杭州310012

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2003年第7期1044-1048,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目 ( 2 0 0 1CB40 970 1) .

摘　　要：20 0 2年春季 ,在长江口附近海域典型赤潮高发区 2 8个大面站位采集了 5 3个样品 ,从中共鉴定出隶属于 31个硅藻属的 80个种和变种 ;其中种类多样性较高的属为圆筛藻属 (Coscinodiscus) ,有 17个种 ,斜纹藻属 (Pleurosigma) ,有 8个种和变种 ;数量上较优势的种为柔弱拟菱形藻 (Pseudo nitzschiadeli catissma) ,为 3.4 8× 10 3 cells·L-1,占 2 8.5 4 % ;具槽直链藻 (Melosirasulcata) ,为 1.4 3× 10 3 cells·L-1,占16 .98% ;尖刺拟菱形藻 (Pseudo nitzschiapungens) ,为 0 .71× 10 3 cells·L-1,占 9.85 % .它们在大部分站位中都有出现 ;柔弱拟菱形藻和尖刺拟菱形藻的高细胞密度区主要出现在 12 30E断面的站位 ,而具槽直链藻则主要出现在长江口的 31～ 32°N断面的站位 .浮游硅藻总细胞丰度变化于 0 .4 3× 10 3 ～ 2 3.3× 10 3 cells·L-1,平均 4 .6 1× 10 3 cells·L-1;在 12 3°E、30 .5°N的DD15站位 ,无论表层还是中层 ,浮游硅藻总细胞丰度均最高 (表层 ,1.85× 10 4cells·L-1;中层 ,2 .33× 10 4cells·L-1) .从水平分布看 ,浮游硅藻呈不均匀分布态势 ,从垂直分布看 ,大部分站位的表层浮游硅藻丰度高于中层 .water samples were collected from 28 stations in typical regions where redtide frequently occurred in the Changjiang River estuary during Spring, 2002. In total, 80 diatom species and varieties belonging to 31 genera were identified, among which, genera with high species biodiversity included Coscinodiscus which contained 17 species and Pleurosigma which contained 8 species and varieties. Quantitative analysis of diatom cell density showed that Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissma (3.48×10 3cells·L -1, 28.54%),Melosira sulcata(1.43×10 3cells·L -1, 16.98%)and Pseudo-nitzschia pungens(0.71×10 3cells·L -1, 9.85%) were dominant species, which occurred at almost all stations. Higher cell density of Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissma and Pseudo-nitzschia pungens occurred at stations along 123°E, while that of Melosira sulcata occurred at stations around Changjiang River at 31～32°N. The total diatom cell density ranged from 0.43×10 3～23.3×10 3cells·L -1,with average of 4.61×10 3cells·L -1. At station DD15 located at 123°E and 30.5°N, the highest diatom cell density was found,which was 1.85×10 4cells·L -1 at surface water layer, and 2.33×10 4cells·L -1 at middle water layer (30m) respectively. Horizontally, the diatom cell density showed scattered distribution, while vertically,it was commonly higher at surface water layer than that at middle water layer.

关 键 词：硅藻 种类组成 生态分布 长江口 

分 类 号：Q178[生物学—水生生物学]