农田生态系统大气硫沉降通量的观测研究  

OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON ATMOSPHERIC SULFUR DEPOSITION TO FARMLAND ECOSYSTEM

作　　者：张明[1] 王体健[1] 张艳[1] 胡正义[2] 徐成凯[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学大气科学系,南京210093 [2]中国科学院南京土壤所土壤圈物质循环开放研究实验室,南京210008

出　　处：《气象科学》2003年第3期263-272,共10页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院土壤物质循环开放室资助;973项目(G19990 1180 5 );中国科学院红壤生态试验站资助

摘　　要：1998年 11月～ 1999年 10月间在中国科学院红壤站 (江西鹰潭 )农田小气候站进行了大气二氧化硫 (SO2 )、硫酸盐粒子 (SO2 -4)浓度采样和雨水样本收集 ,利用阻力模式和全年逐时气象资料计算 SO2 和 SO2 -4的干沉降速度 ,估算干沉降通量 ,利用降水资料和雨水中硫酸根离子浓度估计大气硫的湿沉降 ,从而定量研究大气硫沉降输入农田生态系统的通量 ,结果表明 :农田下垫面上 SO2 和 SO2 -4干沉降速度的年平均值分别是 0 .373± 0 .170 cm· s-1(月均值 0 .16 1～ 0 .5 45 cm·s-1)、0 .198± 0 .12 3cm· s-1(月均值 0 .15 2～ 0 .2 6 9cm· s-1)。农田下垫面硫年总沉降量为 10 .3g· m-2 ,其中干沉降占总沉降的 83.3%。硫的干沉降又以 SO2 的干沉降为主 ,占年干沉降总量的 92 .2 %。大气硫沉降输入占农田生态系统输入总量的 90 %以上 。During Nov.1998～Oct. 1999 period ,airborne SO 2 and SO 2- 4 concentration were measured and rain water was collected on farmland at Yingtan,a typical red soil area of Jiangxi province.Based on hourly meteorological data,dry deposition velocities of SO 2 and SO 2- 4 were calculated using a resistance model.Annual sulfur dry and wet deposition to the farmland ecosystem was estimated.Investigations show that the averaged dry deposition velocities of SO 2 and SO 2- 4 on farmland are 0.373±0.170 cm·s -1 (monthly averaged 0.161～0.545 cm·s -1 ) and 0.198±0.123 cm·s -1 (monthly average 0.152～0.269 cm·s -1 ),respectively.The total annual sulfur deposition on farmland is about 10.3 g·m -2 .Dry deposition is dominated in total deposition,accounting for 83.3 %.Further analyses show that SO 2 dry deposition is prevailing in the total S dry deposition,accounting for 92.2 %.Atmospheric deposition accounts for more than 90 % in sulfur input to farmland ecosystem,suggesting that it plays an important role in sulfur cycle in farmland ecosystem.

关 键 词：农田 大气硫沉降 干沉降速度 沉降通量 

分 类 号：S165[农业科学—农业气象学]