老年人心肌梗死的发病特点及护理  

Clinical features and nursing of myocardial infarction in the elderly

作　　者：张艳[1] 金艳宏[1] 王玲娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军总医院老年心血管病研究所,北京100853

出　　处：《南方护理学报》2003年第3期41-42,共2页Nanfang Journal of Nursing

摘　　要：目的 及早发现心肌梗死,防止发生并发症和猝死。方法 通过查阅病历、文献、问卷调查及与患者交谈,对47例60岁以上老年人心肌梗死进行分析,归纳总结其发病特点。结果 47例60岁以上尤其是65岁以上心肌梗死患者、32例患者典型表现不是胸痛,而是气急、胃肠道症状、休克、呼吸困难等。结论 老年人对自身疾病反应差,所以,不能以有无胸部疼痛作为鉴别老年人心肌梗死的主要临床依据,要加强心电监护,强调做好整体护理,防止心肌梗死并发症或猝死的发生。Objective To detect the occurrence of myocardial infarction in the elderly in time and prevent its complication and sudden death. Methods The clinical data of 47 patients aged over 60 with myocardial infarction were analyzed and the clinical features were summarized by consulting history, reviewing literature, surveying by questionnaire and interviewing with patients. Re-SllltS Typical clinical symptoms in 32 patients (especially the aged over 65) were not chest pain, but short breath, gastrointestinal reflux, shock and dyspnea. Conclusion Reaction of elderly patients was feeble for their own diseases. Therefore, whether or not the patients have chest pain cannot be regarded as evidence to identify myocardial infarction in elderly patients. It is essential to strengthen electrocardiographic monitoring, emphasize holistic nursing and prevent complication of myocardial infarction and the occurrence of sudden death.

关 键 词：老年人 心肌梗死 发病特点 护理 并发症 猝死 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R542.22[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R473.5[医药卫生—内科学]