静磁场在材料生产过程中的应用研究评述  

State of Art Materials Processing Using Static Magnetic Fields

作　　者：王强[1] 王恩刚[1] 赫冀成[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学材料电磁过程研究教育部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110004

出　　处：《材料科学与工程学报》2003年第4期590-595,共6页Journal of Materials Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (50 2 0 4 0 0 4 );国家重大基础研究资助项目 (G1 9980 61 51 0 );教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金资助项目

摘　　要：在材料电磁过程研究中 ,静磁场尤其是强磁场材料科学是当今世界的研究热点。本文从静磁场作用下生成的洛仑兹力和磁化力两个角度系统地归纳总结了静磁场技术在材料生产领域的应用原理和实践。对静磁场下的洛仑兹力 ,主要介绍了流体流动、波动和对流控制、电磁振动及电磁超声波等方面的研究现状 ;对强磁场下的磁化力 ,主要介绍了其在相变、结晶配向、磁悬浮、磁对流等方面的研究进展。The studies on application of static especially high static magnetic fields to material processes become hot spot recently. The principal research and practical application are both summarized from the utilizations of not only Lorentz force induced by homogeneous magnetic field and other electromagnetic fields but also magnetization force induced by inhomogeneous magnetic field. For th Lorentz force, the effects of static magnetic field on electromagnetic braking, suppression of wave motions, magnetic vibration and electromagnetic acoustic waves are mainly introduced; for the magnetization force, the influences of high static magnetic field on phase transformation, crystal orientation, magnetic levitation and magnetic convection are illustrated. Furthermore, the potential prospects of materials processing by using high magnetic field are discussed. Intense static magnetic fields available from superconducting magnet open a way to new phenomena that could lead to new methods in material processes.

关 键 词：静磁场 洛仑兹力 磁化力 电磁冶金 材料电磁过程 

分 类 号：O482.5[理学—固体物理]