乙型肝炎疫苗两针免疫后14年流行病学调查  

An Epidemiological Survey of Hepatitis B Vaccine Efficacy 14 Years Later in Susceptible Population Immunized with a Two-dose Hepatitis B Vaccine Regimen

作　　者：韩常全 邢占春 张英林 马景臣 张玉伟 赵卉 刘玉忠 刘洪斌[2] 孟宗达[2] 刘崇柏[3] 

机构地区：[1]正定县卫生防疫站,河北正定050800 [2]河北省疾病预防控制中心,石家庄050021 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所,北京100052

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》2003年第3期152-153,共2页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：国家"九五"科技攻关课题基金资助 ( 96-90 6-0 3 -0 2 )

摘　　要：为了观察乙型肝炎 (乙肝 )病毒 (HBV)易感者接种 2剂血源乙肝疫苗的远期免疫效果 ,1985年 4月 ,在正定县某村 ,对整个人群采血并检测乙肝病毒表面抗原 (HBsAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体 (抗 HBs)和乙肝病毒核心抗体 (抗 HBc)。对 3项指标均阴性的 132人接种 2剂乙肝疫苗 ,按 0、3个月免疫程序 ,每剂 10 μg/ml,于首剂免疫后 6个月、12个月和 14年检测HBsAg、抗 HBs和抗 HBc ,并进行流行病学调查。结果显示 :乙肝疫苗免疫后 6个月时 ,抗 HBs阳性率 (S/N≥ 2 1)为 10 0 % ,未检出HBsAg阳性者 ;12个月时 ,<2 0岁组的抗 HBs阳性率 (S/N≥ 2 1)为94 3% ;≥ 2 0岁组则为 74 2 % ,二者差异有显著的统计学意义 (χ2 =5 16 ,P <0 0 5 ) ,未检出HBsAg阳性者 ;14年时 ,抗 HBs阳性率降为 5 9 31% (S/N≥ 2 1)或 18 6 % (S/N≥ 10 0 ) ,各年龄组之间差异无显著的统计学意义 (χ2 =1 2 4 ,P >0 0 5 ) ,检出HBsAg阳性者 1例 ,3个月后复检阴性 ,未发现肝病病人。说明HBV易感者接种 2针乙肝疫苗可取得较好的免疫效果。In order to understand the long-term efficacy of HB vaccine in susceptible poplulation immunized with a two-dose hepatitis B vaccine regimen(10ug/dose),132 HBV susceptible people of 0～70 years old were immunized with a two-dose hepatitis B vaccine by 0,3 month schedule in 1985 in Zhengding County of Hebei Province.Their serum samples were detected for HBsAg,anti-HBs and anti-HBc by SPRIA kits.All of the vaccinees displayed an anti-HBs titer of S/N≥2.1 6 months after immunization,84.8% of the vaccinees developed such a titer after 12 months(94.30% in <20 years old vaccinees and 74.20% in ≥20 vaccinees).The anti-HBs positive rate dropped to 59.31%(S/N≥2.1)or 18.6%(S/N≥10.0)at the 14 th year, no difference was found between two age groups.In the period of observation,one had become HBsAg positive but negatively serocenverted 3 months later. The two-dose hepatitis B vaccine regimen for the susceptible population gives good immune efficacy.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 疫苗 免疫 流行病学 调查 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学] R186[医药卫生—临床医学]