小麦抗条锈新种质的创制 Ⅰ.外缘抗条锈基因的导入  

Development of wheat new germplasm with stripe rust resisitance Ⅰ.Transfer of gene resistant to stripe rust new races from hexaploid Triticale into T.aestivm

作　　者：陈耀锋[1] 宋运贤[1] 李振岐[2] 陆和平[2] 郭东伟[1] 韩德俊[1] 李春莲[1] 任惠莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]西北农林科技大学植保学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2003年第4期19-22,共4页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家 973项目 ( G2 0 0 0 0 162 0 2 ) ;国家 863项目 ( 2 0 0 1AA2 410 3 7)

摘　　要：通过普通小麦与六倍体小黑麦杂交、多元回交和花培纯合 ,将小黑麦抗条锈基因导入普通小麦 ,获得了 12个在成株期对小麦条锈病菌流行小种免疫的新种质 ,其中 8个新种质在苗期对流行小种高抗。研究普通小麦与六倍体小黑麦的杂交特性结果表明 ,六倍体小黑麦×普通小麦与普通小麦×六倍体小黑麦两种杂交方式都有较高的杂交结实率 ,但前者种子发育好 ,出苗率高 ,后者种子胚乳发育不良 ,出苗率低。用普通小麦进行回交 ,可获得一定的结实率 ,种子出苗率较好。Transfer of gene resistant to stripe rust new races from hexaploid Triticale into T.aestivum by cross fertilization between hexaploid Tritical and T.aestivum as well as multiple back crossing was conducted.Twelve new germplasm with stripe rust new race resistance were developed and evaluated in experiments under field and greenhouse conditions.Eight new germplasm had better resistant to stripe rust new races in both seedling and adult plants.Crossing characteristic between T.aestivum and hexaploid Tritical was studied,the result showed that the percentage of seed set in reciprocal cross between T.aestivum and hexaplid Tritical was high,but the percentage of seedling in reciprocal cross was very significantly different.Percentage of seedling in hexaploid Tritical × T.aestivum was higher because endosperm developed very well than that in T.aestivum × hexaploid Tritical because endosperm developed bad.Many seeds and seedlings were obtained by back crossing.

关 键 词：小麦 抗条锈新种质 外缘基因 杂交 多元回交 花培纯合 抗条锈基因 

分 类 号：S435.121[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]