单作棉和3-2式麦棉生态系统作物共生期的光温特点  

Study on Photosynthetic Active Radi-ation (PAR) and Soil Temperature of Monoculture Cotton and Intercrop-ping of Wheat-cotton Plantation

作　　者：严昌荣[1] 张立桢[2] 林而达[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业气象研究所,北京100081 [2]中国农业科学院棉花研究所,安阳455112

出　　处：《棉花学报》2003年第4期205-209,共5页Cotton Science

基　　金：社会公益研究专项"北方旱区土壤水分测报评估系统研究";国家科技攻关项目(2001BA509B09);863计划项目(2002AA2Z4311;2002AA2Z4021)

摘　　要：种植模式影响到农作物生存的微环境,3-2式麦棉套种模式在小麦与棉花共生期间,由于小麦的遮挡作用,使得棉田土壤接受的太阳辐射减少,土壤温度低,且单作与套作种植模式的光合有效辐射(PAR)和土壤温度具有各自的时空变化,在麦棉复合种植模式中,地上10cm的PAR是:棉行间>棉行上>麦棉间>麦行上;而单作棉模式是:棉行间>棉行上。两种种植模式土壤温度也存在差异,在空间上存在垂直分异和水平分异,在时间上存在时间分异。土层深度是影响土壤温度另一个重要因子。上层土壤温度在一天的不同时段上差异比较明显。40cm的土壤温度波动很小,60cm处的土壤温度基本上平稳。Comparison with monoculture cotton plantation model, intercropping of cotton-wheat plantation model influences the field environ- mental factors, such as solar radiation, soil water and temperature. The results showed that in the wheat-cotton intercropping system, the solar radiation upper 10cm ground, with strongly effect of wheat, is relatively decreased. Because of wheat shading, field soil gets less solar radiation in intergrowth period of cotton-wheat plantation than that in monoculture system, and it induces soil temperature lower. Soil temperature in intercropping of wheat-cotton plantation model has different pattern comparing with that in monoculture cotton plantation model.

关 键 词：单作棉 3-2式麦棉生态系统 共生期 光合有效辐射 土壤温度 土层深度 种植模式 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]