颅内蛛网膜和蛛网膜下池的划分、分布及特点  

Classification, distribution and characteristics of intracranial arachnoid membranes and subarachnoid cisterns

作　　者：吕健[1] 朱贤立[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学附属第二医院神经外科,陕西西安710004 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院协和医院脑外科,湖北武汉430022

出　　处：《中国临床解剖学杂志》2003年第4期303-306,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy

摘　　要：目的 :探讨颅内蛛网膜和脑池的划分、分布和一般特点。方法 :对颅内蛛网膜和脑池进行显微镜下的解剖和观察。结果 :( 1)颅内蛛网膜分为凸面蛛网膜、颅底蛛网膜和小梁蛛网膜 ,小梁蛛网膜是脑池之间的真正间隔 ;( 2 )脑池分为上方脑池和颅底脑池 ,以Liliequist膜间脑叶为界可将颅底脑池分为Lilieq uist膜前、后两组 ;( 3 )几乎所有的颅神经均有各自的蛛网膜鞘 ,动眼神经是颅内蛛网膜最集中的结构 ;( 4 )颈内动脉池与后交通动脉池或相互独立 ,或融为一体。结论 :了解颅内蛛网膜和脑池的分布规律和特点有助于显微神经外科手术中更充分、合理地利用蛛网膜和脑池所提供的解剖标志和操作空间。Objective: To provide a fine description of classfication, distribution and characteristics of intracranial arachnoid membranes and subarachnoid cisterns. Methods: The arachnoid membranes and the subarachnoid cisterns were studied in eight adult human cadavers under microscope. Results: (1) Intracranial arachnoid membranes can be divided into basal, convex and trabecular arachnoid membranes. Trabecular arachnoid membranes are real septa separating cisterns. (2) Intracranial subarachnoid cisterns can be divided into superior and basal groups. The latter can be divided into pre-Liliequist and post-Liliequist group. (3) Almost all of the cranial nerves have their own arachnoidal sheaths. The arachnoid sheath of oculomotor nerve is the area where arachnoid membranes converged mostly in the cranial cavity. (4) The carotid cistern and the posterior communicating cistern are independent or combined with each other. Conclusions: Understanding of classification, distribution and characteristics of intracranial arachnoid membranes and subarachnoid cisterns is helpful for us to use the anatomic landmarks and operation spaces supplied by them during operations.

关 键 词：蛛网膜 蛛网膜下池 解剖 神经外科 蛛网膜下腔 

分 类 号：R329.4[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学] R651.1[医药卫生—基础医学]