新型纳米结构炭材料的储氢研究  

Hydrogen storage in new nanostructured carbon materials

作　　者：杨子芹[1] 谢自立[1] 贺益胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]防化研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《新型炭材料》2003年第1期75-79,共5页New Carbon Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(29976046);国家973项目(G2000026403)

摘　　要：　氢能是一种清洁的可再生能源。由于传统的储氢材料和储氢技术达不到氢燃料电池电动车的实用要求,储氢问题已成为氢能应用中最急需解决的关键问题。近年来,各种新型纳米结构炭材料的储氢已成为国际上的一个研究热点,引起了人们的广泛关注。但在这一研究领域中一直存在着许多争议和很大的分歧。通过综述国内外近几年来各种新型纳米结构炭材料如单壁碳纳米管、多壁碳纳米管、石墨纳米纤维以及炭纳米纤维等的储氢研究进展,指出了这一领域中需要解决的问题如储氢测试方法的标准化、纳米结构炭材料的评价以及储氢机制和吸附位的研究等。Hydrogen is a clean and renewable energy carrier. Because conventional materials and technologies for hydrogen storage cannot meet the needs of fuel-cell-powered automobiles, how to store hydrogen more efficiently to reach the DOE target has become one of the most urgent and difficult problems to be solved in hydrogen applications. In recent years, storing hydrogen with various nanostructured carbon materials has attracted worldwide interest. However, there has been a great deal of controversy and divergent viewpoints, In this paper, hydrogen storage in various narrostructured carbon materials including single-wall nanotubes, multi-wall nanotubes, graphite nanofibers and carbon nanotibers was reviewed. Some questions to be answered were pointed out, which include the standardization of the measuring method for hydrogen storage, characteristics of narrostructured carbon materials with high hydrogen storage capacity, the adsorption mechanism of hydrogen, etc.

关 键 词：纳米结构 炭材料 储氢 储氢材料 储氢技术 氢燃料电池 电动车 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]