环境扫描电镜技术在气源岩评价中的应用  

APPLICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE IN EVALUATING GAS SOURCE ROCKS

作　　者：谢增业[1] 严启团[1] 卢新卫[2] 蒋助生[2] 李剑[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学 [2]中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院

出　　处：《天然气工业》2003年第4期27-31,共5页Natural Gas Industry

摘　　要：ESEM2 0 2 0型环境扫描电镜是在常规扫描电镜 (CSEM )基础上发展起来的一项新技术。近年来 ,它在油气工业中的应用主要局限于油气储层方面的研究。作者应用环境扫描电镜具有可持续升温和对样品进行定位观察的优点 ,对鄂尔多斯、塔里木盆地不同类型的地质样品进行了可视化生气动态模拟。结果表明 :藻类体、沥青、镜质体以及煤等有机质富集的样品可在模拟过程中直接观察到样品生气的整个过程 ,并且 ,这种生气过程并不是连续不断地进行 ,而是阶段性的 ,是源岩幕式排烃的一种直观表现 ;同时 ,源岩经过高成熟阶段的生烃演化后 ,岩样中产生了微裂缝 ,这种显微结构的细微变化也是源岩生排气机理研究的直观依据。环境扫描电镜技术为气源岩生气潜力的评价提供了一种新手段。Environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM2020) is a novel experimental instrument, being developed on the basis of conventional scanning electron microscope (CSEM). In recent years, its application in petroleum industry has been mainly limited to the research on hydrocarbon reservoirs. ESEM2020 was used for simulating the visualized gas generation process of different kinds of geologyical samples collected from E' erduosi and Talimu Basins, owing to its having the advantages of continuously rising temperature and sample positioning observation. The results indicate that the whole gas generation processes of these samples with high abundant organic matters, such as alginite, bitumen, vitrinite and coal, etc., could be observed during simulating. Moreover, these processes weren't continuous but they were staged,being an audio-visual expression of hydrocarbon expelled episodically from source rocks. Microfissures, meanwhile, occurred in the samples, through the hydrocarbon generation evolution in high maturity stage. Such a slight chang in microstructure is also a visual basis of studying the gas generation-expelling mechanism of source rocks. Therefore ESEM has provided a new maens for evaluating the gas-generating potential of source rocks.

关 键 词：环境扫描电镜技术 气源岩 评价 显微组分 可视化模拟 塔里木盆地 鄂尔多斯盆地 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]