山区土地利用/覆被变化对土壤侵蚀的影响  

Study on the impact of land use/land cover change on soil erosion in mountainous areas

作　　者：朱连奇[1] 许叔明[1] 陈沛云[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学环境与规划学院,开封475001

出　　处：《地理研究》2003年第4期432-438,共7页Geographical Research

基　　金：河南省自然科学基金项目(0311051700);河南省教育厅人文社会科学研究项目(067GH840);河南省高校青年骨干老师资助计划项目

摘　　要：本文以福建省山区为例 ,在对福建省水土保持实验站、建瓯市牛坑龙水土保持试验站长期观测、实验资料深入分析对比的基础之上 ,探讨了土地利用 /土地覆被变化对土壤侵蚀的影响规律。分析结果表明 ,土地利用 /土地覆被变化对径流的产生和土壤侵蚀有重要影响 ,植被的覆盖度的变化直接影响着径流系数和土壤侵蚀模数 ;植被的覆盖度和径流系数呈负线性关系 ,随着覆盖度的增加径流系数逐渐减小 ;植被覆盖度和土壤侵蚀模数为负指数关系 ,随着植被覆盖度的增大 ,土壤侵蚀模数急剧下降。As one of the most important study fields of global change, land use and land cover change has significant impacts on regional and global climate, soil characteristics, and function of terrestrial ecosystem. Most researchers, both in China and abroad, have given much more attentions to the study on land use types and the laws of regional land cover change with synthetic analysis of the factors that influence land use and land cover change. In recent years, some Chinese researchers have carried on studies in this field by stationary inspection methodology, e.g., Professor Fu Buojie and others studied the impacts of land use and land cover change on soil nutrients, regional hydrological condition in loess hilly areas and Zunhua low mountainous areas in Hebei province, Professor Shi Peijun and others studied the impacts of land use and land cover change on natural agricultural disasters in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region on the basis of long period investigations and statistical materials. But few researchers studied the impact of land use and land cover change on soil erosion by stationary methodology, and few papers have been published in this area. This paper studied the impacts of land use and land cover change on soil erosion in Fujian mountainous areas on the basis of analysis on long period observational and experimental materials at Jianou Niukenglong Experimental Station and the Provincial Soil and Water Conservation Station, researched soil erosion mechanisms of mountain grassland ecosystem, and different soil erosion modulus under different land use and land cover types. The analytical results indicate that the coefficient of runoff has minus linear relation with grassland coverage, and the modulus of soil erosion has index relation with grassland coverage. This paper also studied the mechanisms and processes of land cover impacting runoff and soil erosion, i.e., land cover influences runoff and soil erosion through the following processes: 1) The grassland cover reduces the forces of rainfall that beats

关 键 词：土地利用/土地覆被变化 草被覆盖度 径流系数 土壤侵蚀模数 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]