3055例神经内科患者医院感染调查分析  

Nosocomial Infection in Patients with Neurological Diseases: A 3 055 Case Analysis

作　　者：吕冬苗[1] 孙玉玺[1] 刘喜梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]新乡医学院第二附属医院,河南新乡453002

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2003年第8期738-740,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的　探讨神经内科住院患者医院感染 (NI)的特点 ,分析引起NI的危险因素 ,寻找控制NI的措施。方法　对 1996年 8月～ 2 0 0 0年 12月间 ,30 5 5例住院患者NI情况进行回顾性调查分析。结果　医院感染32 8例 ,医院感染率 10 .74 % ;35 1例次 ,例次发病率 11.4 9% ;感染多发于脑卒中患者 ,以脑梗死、脑出血为著 ,其构成比分别占 4 5 .12 %和 15 .5 5 % ;感染部位分布以上、下呼吸道、胃肠道和泌尿道最常见 ,分别占 38 18%、2 2 79%、2 1 6 5 %和 7.12 % ;患者病情严重程度、侵入性操作、病区空气洁净度、住院时间、季节、年龄、抗生素应用等是引起NI的主要危险因素。结论　神经内科患者NI发病率较高 ,获得途径以外源性为主 ,针对主要危险因素进行综合管理、重点监控 ,同时提高医护质量 ,合理用药 ,一定能降低NI的发病率。OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical characteristic and risk factors of nosocomial infection(NI), to find out its preventing measures in patients with neurological diseases. METHODS A retrospective analysis was made on 3 055 cases during the period from Aug 1996 to Dec 2000. RESULTS A total of 328 cases suffered from NI; the infection rate was 10.74%. The infection occurred mainly in patients with cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage. The infection sites were frequently found in the respiratory tract and gastrointestinal system, which reached 60.97% and 21 65%, respectively. The risk factors involving NI had relationship with the type of disease, management of patient , duration in hospital, use of drugs. CONCLUSIONS The infection rate of these patients was higher. The preventing measures included the management of these patients, supportive treatment, correct use of antibiotics.

关 键 词：神经内科疾病 医院感染 调查分析 

分 类 号：R51[医药卫生—内科学]