8种果树花粉量及花粉萌发与生长的差异  

THE DIFFERENCES OF POLLEN CONTENT AND POLLEN GERMINATION AND TUBE GROWTH AMONG EIGHT SPECIES OF FRUIT TREES

作　　者：张绍铃[1] 谢文暖[1] 陈迪新[1] 高付永[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2003年第3期67-69,共3页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：江苏省农业科技攻关项目(BE2001324-2);国家高技术发展计划(863计划)项目(2002AA241191)资助。

摘　　要：以梨、苹果、桃等8种11个品种果树为试材,研究了花药内花粉量、花粉萌发及花粉管生长特性,结果表明:不同树种每朵花的花药数及花粉粒数不同,因而花粉量也有显著的差异。如苹果每个花药的花粉粒数平均为8428粒,而李仅有1197粒;同一树种不同品种间也存在显著差异,如梨品种‘丰水’每个花药有花粉10745粒,而‘新高’仅有1622粒;花粉萌发率和花粉管生长长度因树种、品种及培养基种类不同而异,以含10％蔗糖+1％琼脂+0.01％硼酸的培养基最适宜,在该培养基上,苹果、葡萄、桃、杏等的花粉萌发率为60％-90％,花粉管生长长度为1000-1600μm。The pollen grains per anther, pollen germination and pollen tube growth cf 11 cultivars under 8 species of fruit trees such as pear, apple and peach were investigated. The results indicated that the number of anthers per flower and the pollen grains per anther varied with species, and so there were obvious differences of their pollen contents. For example, on average, there were 8428 pollen grains in one anther for apples, but only 1197 for Japanese plum. Also there were significant differences between the cultivars under the same species. For example, there were 10754 and 1622 pollen grains per anther in pear cultivars, 'Hohsui' and 'Niitaka', respectively. Pollen germination rate and tube growth length varied with species, cultivars and culture media, and the most suitable culture medium comprised 10% sugar, 1% agar and 0.01% boric acid, where pollen germination rates of apple, grape, peach, apricot, etc. ranged from 60% to 90% , and tube lengths from 1000 μm to 1600μm.

关 键 词：果树 花粉量 花粉萌发 生长发育 花粉管 花药数 花粉粒数 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学] S334.22[农业科学—园艺学]