不同肥料结构对棉花产量形成及土壤含氮量的影响研究  

Effects of Different Structures of Fertilizer on Yield Formation of Cotton and on Soil Nitrogen Content

作　　者：张美良[1] 刘桂华[2] 唐建军[1] 钟有林[3] 刘经荣[1] 嵇素霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学,江西南昌330045 [2]宜春学院农学系,江西宜春336000 [3]江西省农业厅农业技术推广中心,江西南昌330046

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2003年第4期505-508,共4页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金资助项目 ( 983 0 0 1 )

摘　　要：采用模拟试验方法 ,研究了棉田生态系统中有机无机肥配施对棉花产量及其构成因素、农艺性状、棉叶含N量和土壤全N量的效应。结果证明 :( 1 )施用N肥能改善棉株农艺性状、增加LAI和棉叶含N量、极显著提高单位面积总铃数和棉花产量 ;( 2 )在等N、P、K条件下 ,与单施无机N相比 ,绿肥 +沼肥 +化肥配施对于提高棉花单位面积总铃数和产量 ,使棉花生育后期LAI和棉叶含N量维持在较高水平效果较好 ,绿肥 +化肥配施次之 ,单施无机N肥较差 ;( 3 )施用N肥土壤全N量比不施N肥高 ,不施N肥和单施无机N肥降低土壤全N量 ,有机无机N肥配施能明显提高土壤全N量。The effects of combined application of organic and inorganic nitrogen fertilizers on the yield of cotton and yield components,the agricultural characters of the cotton plant,the nitrogen amount in leaves and soil total nitrogen in cotton field ecosystem were studied by means of simulating trial.The results indicated that:(1)Application of nitrogen fertilizer promoted the agricultural characters of cotton plant,increased the value of LAI and nitrogen content in cotton leaves and remarkably increased the total of cotton bolls and yield of unit area.(2) at an equal N,P and K leavel, as compared with only inorganic nitrogen treatment, combined application of green manure and biogas and chemical fertilizers was beneficial for the increase in total cotton bolls and yield, keeping the value of LAI and nitrogen amount of leaves at a high level during the later growing stage. The effect of mixed application of green manure and chemical fertilizer was lower than that of the former but higher than that of the only chemical fertilizer treatment. (3) The total nitrogen content was higher in nitrogen treatment than that in non-nitrogen. The treatment of non-nitrogen and only chemical fertilizer tended to decrease the amount of soil total nitrogen, while the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers increased the soil total nitrogen, remarkably.

关 键 词：棉花 产量形成 土壤含氮量 肥料结构 有机肥 无机肥 配方施肥 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学] S147.2