用地理信息系统评价垃圾填埋场选址的研究  

Study on the siting of rufuse landfill by means of geographical information system

作　　者：颜维安[1] 杭德荣[1] 杨国静[1] 吴荷珍[1] 杨坤[1] 周晓农[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省寄生虫病防治研究所,无锡214064 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所

出　　处：《中国卫生工程学》2003年第3期133-135,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金项目 (BK 2 0 0 115 8);江苏省预防医学科研项目部分资助 (Y2 0 0 2 0 2 0 )

摘　　要：目的　利用地理信息系统通过空间智能选点 ,对填埋场的布局提出合理选址 ,减少垃圾填埋场的垃圾对周围环境特别是水的污染。方法　随机选择 6个正在使用的生活垃圾填埋场 ,1个为大型填埋场 (为省辖市 ) ,2个为中型填埋场 (为县级市 ) ,3个为小型填埋场 (农村乡镇 ) ,GPS定位仪对每个填埋场进行现场标定 ,采集这些填埋场污水进行实验室检测 ,用地理信息系统来分析 6个正在使用的生活垃圾填埋场选址的合理性。结果　有5个非常接近太湖或长江水系 ,1～ 3km的缓冲区显示 ,2个填埋场在 3km范围内 ,1个距太湖仅 4km左右 ,1个距太湖稍远 ,但处于太湖水系中 ;长江北岸边的填埋场在缓冲区的 2km范围内。污水CODcr值分别为 4 4 2 6 2 5mg/L、2 2 6 30mg/L、92 5 18mg/L、376 0 6 4mg/L、2 2 96 32mg/L、5 82 0 0mg/L ,BOD5值分别为 390mg/L、73mg/L、330mg/L、110 0mg/L、2 10mg/L、372 0mg/L。结论　本次研究的 6个填埋场是靠人工方法选址 ,其中 5个填埋场的选址并不适宜。Object To evaluate the location of refuse landfill by taking the advantage of geographical information system(GIS), and to put forward the reasonable location for refuse landfill in order to decrease the environmental pollution, especially on water pollution by rubbish waste. Methods We selected six refuse landfills by randomly. One of them was a large site which was at city level, two of them were medium sized sites which were of country level, the others were small sites at township level. The geographical location was measured by global position system(GPS), waste water was collected and tested in laboratory, and the reasonableness of the geographical location for each refuse landfill was evaluated by GIS analyses.Results There were 5 landfills were located near by the water system of Taihu lake or the Yangtze River. The buffer of 1～3 kilometers around the landfill indicated that two of the sites were within 3 kilometers to the water system. The distance between one of landfill and Taihu lake was only about 4 kilometers. Although one of the landfill was far from water, it was still inside the scope of the water system of Taihu lake. The landfill near to the water system of the Yangtze River located on the north bank of Yangtze River by 2 kilometers. The CODcr of waste water in the 6 rufuse landfills were 4 426 25 mg/L, 226 30 mg/L, 925 18 mg/L, 3 760 64 mg/L, 2 296 32 mg/L and 582 00 mg/L. The BOD 5 were 390 mg/L, 73 mg/L, 330 mg/L, 1 100mg/L, 210 mg/L, 3 720 mg/L.Conclusion The geographic location of 5 rufuse landfills was not suitable by GIS due to artificial selection originally.

关 键 词：垃圾填埋场 选址 地理信息系统 评价 水污染 

分 类 号：R124.3[医药卫生—环境卫生学] X705[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]