云南滇池微生物对磷循环与沉积作用的实验研究  

ON A ROLE OF MICROORGANISM IN PRECIPITATION OF PHOSPHORUS

作　　者：东野脉兴[1] 樊竹青[2] 张灼[2] 夏学惠[1] 田升平[1] 周建民[1] 

机构地区：[1]中化地质矿山总局地质研究院 [2]云南大学生物系,昆明650091

出　　处：《化工矿产地质》2003年第2期65-75,共11页Geology of Chemical Minerals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;项目批准号:49872047

摘　　要：对滇池磷的现代沉积作用的研究中发现,滇池微生物种群和数量繁多,但能对磷溶解、转化、迁移、聚集、沉积的微生物主要有解磷菌和聚磷菌两类。在底泥磷高含量区域,解磷菌的种群和数量与底泥磷含量成负相关关系,与水体磷含量成正相关关系,而聚磷菌的种群和数量与底泥磷含量成正相关关系,与水体磷含量成负相关关系;在底泥磷低含量区域,上述相关性则相反。表明当解磷菌的种群与繁衍量大于聚磷菌的种群和繁衍量时,底泥中的磷向水体迁移,反之,水体中的磷向底质迁移、聚集。这个事实令人信服的证明了微生物对磷循环的重要作用。滇池这种活着的微生物在自然环境条件下对磷的溶解、转化、迁移、聚集和沉积的作用,对古磷块岩微生物成矿说提供了可靠的证据,且对以磷为限制性因子的湖、海、江河环境污染的防治提供了理论资料。Search for the modern process of precipitation by phosphorus in Dianchi lake indicates that though the number and population of the microorganism in the lake are various, none but two kinds of phosphorus-decomposing and phosphorus-concentrating bacteria have the capacity of dissolving, translating, transporting, concentrating and precipitating phosphorus. In the case of the P-high part of the bottom sludge of the lake, the number and population of the P-decomposing bacterium vary directly with the P-content of the sludge and inversely with the P-content of the water body. In the case of the P-low part, however, the above correlation shows a contrary vary. All this has it that when the population of the P-decomposing bacteria multiplies a lot more strongly than that of the P-concentrating ones does, phosphorus will migrate from the bottom sludge to the water body. On the contrary, once a less more strong event takes place, phosphorus will move and concentrate in a reverse direction to the former migration. Consequently, the activities of microorganism are certain to have played a key role in the phosphorus cycling of Dianchi. The dissolution, translation, transportation and concentration of phosphorus by the live microorganism under the natural conditions in Dianchi will provide the hypothesis about bio-mineralization of old phosphorite with reliable evidences as well as the protection of seas, rivers, and lakes from pollution due to the excessive input of phosphorus with theoretical data.

关 键 词：云南 滇池 微生物 磷循环 沉积作用 解磷菌 聚磷菌 磷现代沉积 微生物成矿 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学]