几种猫科动物毛的显微形态学特征及比较鉴别  

IDENTIFICATION OF SOME KINDS OF CATAMOUNT BY THE MICROSTRUCTURAL MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTER OF THEIR HAIRS

作　　者：金崑[1] 张启渊[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,北京100091 [2]福建省林业厅,福州350003

出　　处：《动物分类学报》2003年第3期397-401,共5页Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica

基　　金：科技部"濒危动物保护技术研究"资助项目 (2 0 0 1DIB1 0 0 0 58);国家林业局野生动植物保护司资助项目 (林护动植字 [1 999] 1 0 3号 ) .

摘　　要：哺乳动物毛被形态特征的显微研究能为该类动物的分类提供科学依据。笔者对东北虎、金钱豹、金猫不同部位的直针毛髓质指数和鳞片类型与比例的研究表明 ,金猫头、颈上、胸、腹、前肢等 5个部位的毛髓质指数区间为 5 0 0 %～ 70 3 % ,东北虎 5个部位的毛髓质指数区间为 2 2 5 %～ 5 0 0 % ,金钱豹 5个部位的毛髓质指数区间为2 7 3 %～ 49 3 %。东北虎和金钱豹 5个部位毛鳞片上的花纹类型包括扁平型、杂波型、瓣状型、冠状型等 ,其排列顺序和比例不尽相同。对几种猫科动物用毛显微形态学特征进行识别具有可行性 。The microstructure mammalian hair provides taxonomic information. A study of the medullary index and scale pattern of straight guard hair's from Panthera tigris altaica、Panthera pardus and Felis temmincki was conducted. The medullary index interval of hairs from the head,top of neck,chest,abdomen and forelimb of Felis temmincki was between 50^0% and 70^3%, the same index in Panthera tigris altaica was between 22^5% and 50^0%, and that of Panthera pardus was between 27^3% and 49^3%. There are several kinds of scale pattern in Panthera tigris altaica and Panthera pardus, including valve type,flat type,irregular wave type and coronal type, etc. Their sequence and proportion are different. We could distinguish these felids by analyzing the Ultrastructural morphologic character of their hair, but the difficulty of identification varied markedly.

关 键 词：猫科动物 毛 显微形态学特征 髓质指数 鳞片类型 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]