晚泥盆世腕足动物中国石燕(Sinospirifer)之修订(英文)  

REVISION OF THE CHINESE UPPER DEVONIAN CYRTOSPIRIFERID BRACHIOPOD GENUS SINOSPIRIFER GRABAU, 1931

作　　者：马学平[1] 陈秀琴[2] J.DAY 金玉玕[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学地质学系,北京100871 [2]中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所,南京210008 [3]Department of Geography Geology

出　　处：《古生物学报》2003年第3期367-381,共15页Acta Palaeontologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (Nos.40 172 0 0 6.40 2 3 2 0 19);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (G 2 0 0 0 0 7770 0 );国家科技部基础性工作专项基金(2 0 0 1DEA2 0 0 2 0 5 )资助课题

摘　　要：通过对保存在南京地质古生物研究所的弓石燕类模式标本 (由葛利普最早研究 )的再研究 ,作者认为 ,SinospiriferGrabau ,1931仍是一个有效属。它与CyrtospiriferNalivkin ,192 4的主要区别在于腹壳后部强烈加厚、假三角板中央具有肉茎管以及在壳褶及褶间均发育微瘤 (whitneyi subextensus型的微细纹饰 )。Tien (1938)指定S .sinensisGrabau ,1931作为Sinospirifer的模式种 ,因为它与S .subextensus(Martelli,190 2 )有着相同的形态构造 ,包括壳形、壳率、中槽壳线型式、中央肉茎管、微细纹饰及内部构造等 ,所以S .sinensis应是S .subextensus(Martelli,190 2 )的次同义名 ,Sinospirifer的模式种应更改为S .subextensus。此外 ,S .archiaciformis,S .wan gleighi,S .vilis,S .subhayasakai,S .pellizzarii,S .pellizzariformis和S .heterosinosus几个种在外部及内部构造上也与S .subextensus相同 ,同样被视作为S .subextensus的次同义名。葛利普文中所列举的所谓几个种之间的区分特征已在湖南中部同一地点同一层位所采集的同一样品的标本中观察到 ,它们仅仅是种内变异的现象。对于以往不同种的标本被归入同种的情况 ,作者均作了修订 ,例如 ,S .vilisGrabau ,1931实际代表几个种标本的混合体 ,经修订 。Restudy of Grabau's type specimens shows that Sinospirifer Grabau, 1931 differs from Cyrtospirifer Nalivkin, 1924 in a number of important shell characters. Sinospirifer is distinguished from Cyrtospirifer by its secondarily infilled ventral posterior, a pseudodeltidium penetrated by a central pedicle tube/foramen, and the whitneyi-subextensus micro-ornament. The type species Spirifer (Sinospirifer) sinensis (subsequent designation by Tien, 1938) is a junior synonym of Spirifer verneuili var. subextensus Martelli, 1902, and henceforth Spirifer subextensus is the type species of Sinospirifer. Most of the illustrated type specimens of eight species of Sinospirifer named by Grabau (1931) are closely similar to Sinospirifer subextensus (Martelli, 1902) in their overall shell shapes, sinal plication patterns, and the presence of a central pedicle tube/foramen, as well as the whitneyi-subextensus micro-ornament, and are considered to be conspecific with S. subextensus. These include Sinospirifer sinensis, S. archiaciformis, S. wangleighi, S. pellizzarii, S. pellizzariformis, and S. heterosinosus. A number of specimens of Sinospirifer vilis and S. subhayasakai illustrated by Grabau (1931), including their holotypes, are transferred to S. subextensus, and the remaining specimens are attributed to four or five other species.

关 键 词：晚泥盆世 腕足动物 中国石燕 上泥盆统 

分 类 号：Q915.816[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]