欧洲地表酸化水体恢复——未来展望  

Recovery from Acidification in European Surface Waters: A View to the Future

作　　者：Brit Lisa Skjelkvle Chris Evans Thorjφrn Larsson Atle Hindar Gunnar G.Raddum 刘响 

机构地区：[1]挪威水研究所(NIVA) [2]生态和水文中心 [3]卑尔根大学

出　　处：《AMBIO－人类环境杂志》2003年第3期170-175,共6页

摘　　要：到目前为止,有关欧洲地表酸化水体大范围化学恢复的文献层出不穷,而有关生物恢复的报道并不多见。建立在现今欧洲排放减少计划之上的模型研完表明,化学恢复仍将继续。而影响恢复进程的诸多不确定性因素主要包括:未来生态系统内氮的可能行为和气候变化的影响。下列4个与气候变化相关的因子可能对未来恢复进程产生影响:①海水盐分入侵事件爆发频率和强度增加;②干旱发生频率和强度上升;③有机碳交换周期加快;④硝化作用增强。目前降低水体酸化程度的国际性协作是成功的,但是未来还有大量问题需要解决,也会遇到许多困难。对未来硫、氮排放减少后以及气候变化背景下酸化地表水体的水化学和水生生物变化需要继续监测。There is now overwhelming documentation of large-scale chemical recovery from surface water acidification in Europe, but to date there has been little documentation of biological recovery. Modelling studies based on current emission reduction plans in Europe indicate that there will be further chemical recovery. The uncertainties in these scenarios mainly relate to the future behavior of nitrogen in the ecosystem and the effects of climate change. Four major climate-related confounding factors that may influence the chemical and biological recovery process are:Ⅰ) increased frequency and severity of sea-salt episodes;Ⅱ) increased frequency and severity of drought; Ⅲ) increased turnover of organic carbon;Ⅳ) increased mineralization of nitrogen. International cooperative work to abate acidification has so far been very successful, but there is still a long way to go, and many potential setbacks. It is essential that future development of water chemistry and aquatic biota in acidified waterbodies continue to be monitored in relation to further emission reductions of S and N and future effects of climate change.

关 键 词：欧洲 地表 酸化水体 化学恢复 生物恢复 生态系统 氮 有机碳 干旱 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X171.4