1971～2000年间安大略省基拉尼公园里的甲壳类浮游动物群落从酸化水体中得到恢复:pH 6作为恢复的目标  

Recovery of Crustacean Zooplankton Communities from Acidification in Killarney Park, Ontario, 1971-2000: pH 6 As a Recovery Goal

作　　者：Catherine Holt Norman D. Yan 李佩珍 李康民 

机构地区：[1]加拿大温哥华Simon Fraser大学资源和环境管理学院 [2]加拿大多伦多约克大学生物系

出　　处：《AMBIO－人类环境杂志》2003年第3期203-207,共5页

摘　　要：尽管大气中SO_4^(2-)的沉降减少,地表水的酸度也因此降低,但尚未记录到广泛的生物从酸化中恢复过来。本文通过考察1971～2000年间加拿大安大略省基拉尼公园的46个湖泊甲壳类浮游动物种的丰富度(物种数目)和组成的时间变化趋势。来估计由于水质有了重大改善即pH现在>6后湖泊中生物的恢复程度,并与其他两组(从未酸化的湖泊和仍然酸化的湖泊[pH<6])作比较。在这三组湖泊中,物种丰富度的时间趋势无法加以区别,物种丰富度的变化也不能说明恢复的程度。对比之下,在pH值增加到6以上的湖泊中,其浮游动物群落的组成(以物种多度的多变量指数表征)则有所变化,从"损害"状态返回到了中性湖泊的典型状态。在酸性湖泊也记录到浮游动物组成有某些恢复。虽然仍为酸性,这些湖泊的pH水平已经升高。基拉尼省公园里甲壳类浮游动物恢复的程度和速度为北美和欧洲其他酸化地区的将来预示了光明的前景。Despite reductions in atmospheric SO4^2- deposition and resultant decreases in surface water acidity, widespread biological recovery from acidification has not yet been documented. Temporal trends in crustacean zooplankton species richness (number of species) and composition were examined between 1971–2000 in 46 Killarney Park lakes, Ontario, Canada, to assess the degree of biological recovery in lakes with significant water quality improvements, i.e. pH now > 6, compared to 2 other groups: i) lakes which never acidified; and ii) lakes which are still acidified (pH < 6). Time trends in species richness could not be distinguished among the 3 groups of lakes, nor did changes in species richness indicate recovery. In contrast, the zooplankton community composition of lakes in which the pH increased to above 6, as measured by a multivariate index of species abundances, changed from a “damaged” state to one typical of neutral lakes. Some recovery in composition was also documented for the acidic lakes. While still acidic, the pH levels of these lakes have risen. The extent and pace of recovery in Killarney Provincial Park bodes well for the future of other acidified regions in North America and Europe.

关 键 词：基拉尼公园 甲壳类浮游动物群落 酸化 水体 恢复 生态系统 PH值 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]