聚氨酯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究  

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYURETHANE/ MONTMORILLONITE NANOCOMPOSITES

作　　者：程爱民[1] 田艳[1] 韩冰[1] 嵇根定[1] 吴石山[1] 沈健[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学表面和界面化学工程技术研究中心 [2]南京师范大学化学与环境科学学院南京210097

出　　处：《高分子学报》2003年第4期591-594,共4页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：南京大学分析测试基金资助项目

摘　　要：A kind of polyurethane/organically modified montmorillonite (PU/OMMT) nanocomposite based on poly(propylene glycol), 1,4 butanediol and 4,4 diphenylmethane diisocyanate was prepared by solution intercalation technology.The results of wide angle X ray diffraction and TEM showed that the gallery distance of OMMT in the PU matrix was 3～4?nm.As the hard segment content increased,the molecular chains of PU had difficulty in diffusing into the silicate layer galleries for intercalation.Transmission electron microscopy photographs showed that OMMT layers were dispersed well into the PU matrix on the nanometer scale,and an ordered intercalation structure was obtained.Compared with those of pure PU,the tensile strength,the tear strength and the elongation at break increased by about 43%,28% and 18% for PU/OMMT(92/8),respectively.The water absorption decreased with increasing the amount of OMMT.Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the PU/OMMT nanocomposites displayed a little higher thermal resistance than that of pure PU in the second pyrolysis stage.A kind of polyurethane/organically modified montmorillonite (PU/OMMT) nanocomposite based on poly(propylene glycol) I 4-butanediol and 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate was prepared by solution intercalation technology. The results of wide angle X-ray diffraction and TEM showed that the gallery distance of OMMT in the PU matrix was 3 similar to 4 nm. As the hard segment content increased, the molecular chains of PU had difficulty in diffusing into the silicate layer galleries for intercalation. Transmission electron microscopy photographs showed that OMMT layers were dispersed well into the PU matrix on the nanometer scale, and an ordered intercalation structure was obtained. Compared with those of pure PU, the tensile strength, the tear strength and the elongation at break increased by about 43% 28% and 18% for PU/OMMT(92/8), respectively. The water absorption decreased with increasing the amount of OMMT. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the PU/OMMT nanocomposites displayed a little higher thermal resistance than that of pure PU in the second pyrolysis stage.

关 键 词：聚氨酯/蒙脱土 纳米复合材料 制备 性能 结构 吸水性 热稳定性 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]