稻麦两熟地区秸秆全量直接还田施肥技术的增产培肥效果  

Effects of Direct and Whole Straw Manuring Method on Increasing Yield of Crop and Fertility of Soil in Rice-wheat Double Cropping Area of Taihu Lake District

作　　者：王振忠[1] 吴敬民[2] 陈留根[1] 朱普平[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业现代化研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所,江苏苏州215155

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2003年第3期151-156,共6页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技部"九五"攻关"常熟持续高效农业技术研究与示范"子专题(96 015 01 03 04);国家科技部重大攻关项目(863计划TK 2)

摘　　要：　试验设秸秆全量直接还田及配施其它肥料共4个处理,在稻麦两熟农田(江苏苏州)采用连续4年小区定位方法并辅以盆栽水稻微区观察,调查不同肥料处理的水稻增产效果及对土壤理化性状的影响。结果表明:秸秆(全量直接还田)+化肥处理与单施化肥处理相比,稻、麦分别增产6.2%和3.7%;土壤生产力提高19.5%;当季氮肥利用率提高13.2个百分点,同时土壤理化性状明显改善,供肥时间长且稳定。秸秆(全量直接还田)+化肥+猪粪处理的增产效果及土壤改良效应更优于秸秆+化肥处理。展示了在稻麦两熟地区,采用作物秸秆全量直接还田并配以化肥或有机肥的施肥技术,是实现农业可持续发展的重要举措和可行途径。Both field location test for four years and pot experiment were done to study the effects of direct and whole straw manuring method on increasing yield of crop and fertility of soil in ricewheat double cropping area. Yield of rice, yield of wheat, productivity of soil and nitrogen utilization rate in treatment of straw and chemical fertilizer application were increased by 6.2%, 3.7%, 19.5% and 13.2 percentage point compared with that in treatment of chemical fertilizer application. Effects of increasing yield of crop and fertility of soil in treatment of straw, chemical fertilizer and pig manure application were better than that in treatment of straw and chemical fertilizer application. Meanwhile physical and chemical characters were improved. So the method of direct and whole straw manuing cooperated with chemical fertilizer application or chemical fertilizer and pig manure application was important measure for the sustaining development of agricultural production in ricewhent double cropping area. 

关 键 词：稻 麦 两熟地区 秸秆还田 施肥技术 培肥效果 土壤 理化性状 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]