无机盐对乳状液破乳效果的影响  

INFLUENCE OF INORGANIC SALTS ON DEMULSIFICATION OF EMULSIONS

作　　者：夏立新[1] 曹国英[1] 陆世维[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大连化学物理研究所,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2003年第4期94-97,共4页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家重点基础研究专项资助项目 (G19990 2 2 50 5)

摘　　要：研究了无机盐对乳状液破乳的影响。结果表明 ,极少量的无机盐能有效地加速W /O型乳液的破乳 ,提高破乳脱出水的透光率。特别是NaCl或KCl存在时 ,在 90℃油浴中加热 60min后 ,5ml乳状液的剩余体积分别为 0 .0 2、 0 .0 7ml(即 0 .4%、 1.4% ) ,破乳效率明显高于不含无机盐的乳状液。对于O/W型乳状液 ,极少量的无机盐也能有效地加速其破乳 ,其中AlCl3的破乳效率最高 ,在 90℃油浴中加热 10min ,乳状液全部破乳。不同种类的盐对乳状液破乳脱出水的透光率影响不同。Experimental data were presented to show the influence of a very small amount of inorganic salt on demulsification of emulsions. It was found that some inorganic salts effectively accelerated the demulsification of water-in-oil emulsions and increased the light transmittance of the water separated from the emulsions. The demulsification efficiency by using NaCl as a demulsifier is higher than those by using other Cl- salts and Na+ salts. Some inorganic salts also effectively accelerated the demulsification of oil-in-water emulsions. Maximum demulsification efficiency by adding AlCl3 was up to 100% in 10 min. It was also found that demulsification efficiency and the light transmittancy of the water separated from the emulsion were attributed to ionic valency and ionic hydrated radius.

关 键 词：无机盐 乳状液 破乳效果 石油炼制 原油 

分 类 号：TE624.1[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]