塔里木盆地南缘诸河水资源利用的生态意义  

Ecological Significance of Utilization of Water Resources in the Southern Marginal Zone of Tarim Basin, Xinjiang

作　　者：唐数红 

机构地区：[1]新疆水利厅规划设计管理局,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2003年第3期164-167,共4页Arid Zone Research

摘　　要：水资源利用的本质是人类对天然河流、湖泊等进行开发利用的活动 ,它一开始就定位于对流域内河流、湖泊水量在时间和空间上的重新分配。由于这种活动 ,流域内的水系统及其相适应的生态系统 ,自 2 0世纪 5 0年代以后发生了巨大变化 ,并引起了不可忽视的生态和社会问题。以塔里木盆地南缘诸河流域为例 ,从生态学角度分析了流域的水资源利用对生态系统的影响 ,尝试性地提出干旱区流域生态需水量在水资源利用中的定位和基本生态水量的确定方式 ,并对新疆目前开展的一些生态建设项目提出了自己的认识。Utilization of water resources is a kind of the human activities including the exploitation, utilization and temporal and spatial redistribution of water resources in the natural watersheds. The water systems and the corresponding ecosystems in the watersheds have been greatly changed and many ecological and social problems have been caused since the 1950's due to these human activities. The Tarim River watershed is located in the southern part of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, it is consisted of 144 rivers belonging to 9 stream systems rising in the Tianshan Mountains, the Pamirs, Karakorum Mountain, Kunlun Mountain and Altun Mountain, and it has a catchment area of 1.02×10 6 km 2. In this paper, a case study about the influences of the utilization of water resources on the ecosystems in the southern marginal zone of Tarim Basin is carries out from the viewpoint of ecology. The purposes of the study are to put forward the orientation and the determining ways of the basic water consumption for the ecology in the watersheds in arid areas and to suggest some measures for the current ecological regeneration in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：塔里木盆地 南缘诸河流域 水资源利用 生态需水量 生态建设 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]