急性轻度缺氧对视形觉功能的影响  

The Effect of Acute Low-grade Hypoxia on Form Vision.

作　　者：王珏[1] 时粉周[1] 张慧[1] 包德海[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军海军医学研究所,上海200433

出　　处：《人类工效学》2003年第3期1-4,共4页Chinese Journal of Ergonomics

摘　　要：本研究的目的是探讨急性轻度缺氧对视形觉功能的影响。31名海航现役飞行员,在分别呼吸空气和低氧混合气(氧浓度为14.5%～15.2%)时,测试了反映视形觉功能的6项指标。吸低氧混合气时同步监测心率和血氧饱和度。实验发现低氧时低、中和高频段的对比敏感性(CS)平均分别下降22.4%、17.1%和54.5%;高、中和低对比水平段的视力值平均下降率分别为12%、10.3%和14.9%;暮视时对应三种纵向运动速度(0、30和45km/h)的视力值平均下降率分别为16.1%、19.4%和21.4%;明视时对应80°/s横向运动速度的视力值平均下降7.5%;快速暗适应时间延长35%,上述结果均具有显著(P<0.05)或非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。暗视力、明视时低、中速横向和三种速度的纵向动态视力均无显著性改变。结果表明急性轻度缺氧对多项反映视形觉功能的指标有显著影响,提示应重视急性轻度缺氧人员的视觉问题。The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of acute low\|grade hypoxia on form vision. The measurements of 6 visual function indexes were made in 31 navy pilots with 1.0 or better acuity. Heart rate and oxygen saturation were examined while breathing low oxygen. Under hypoxia condition, the average CS at low middle and high frequency range decreased 22.4%,17.1% and 54.5%, respectively; the average VA at high, middle and low contrast level decreased 12.0%,10.3% and 14.9%, respectively; the average dynamic visual acuity at three kinds of far\|near movement speeds (0,30,45km/h) in twilight condition decreased 16.1%,19.4% and 21.4%,respectively; the average visual acu\|ity at 80°/s left\|right movement in photopic condition decreased 7.5%; fast dark adaptation time increased 35%. Above results were significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The reaction time of visual acuity in dark, dynamic visual acuity of left\|right at 2 speeds(40°/s,60°/s ) and far\|near at 3 speeds(30km/h,45km/h,60km/h) in photopic condition were no significance . This experiment results showed that the effect of acute low grade hypoxia on form vision should not be ignored.

关 键 词：急性轻度缺氧 视形觉功能 影响 飞行员 视力 

分 类 号：R852.4[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]