藏北高原典型草甸下垫面与HEIFE沙漠区辐射平衡气候学特征对比分析  

COMPARISON AND ANALYSIS OF THE CLIMATOLOGICAL FEATURES OF RADIATION BALANCE BETWEEN THE GRASSY MARSHLAND SURFACE OF NORTH OF THE TIBETAN PLATEAU AND THE DESERT IN HEIFE

作　　者：钱泽雨[1] 胡泽勇[1] 杜萍[2] 马耀明[1] 石川裕彦[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,兰州730000 [2]兰州大学资源环境学院大气科学系,兰州730000 [3]日本京都大学防灾研究所日本京都府宇治市

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2003年第4期453-460,共8页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G1998040812);中日合作"亚澳季风形成试验-青藏高原能量与水份平衡试验(CAMP/Tibet)"共同资助

摘　　要：利用中日合作"全球能量与水分平衡试验 青藏高原季风试验(GAME Tibet)"和中日合作"黑河地区地—气相互作用野外观测实验研究(HEIFE)"IOP、FOP资料,计算分析了藏北高原典型草甸下垫面安多站和HEIFE沙漠站的辐射平衡各相关特征量时频变化的气候学特征。结果表明:无论是高原安多站还是黑河沙漠站,夏季均出现超太阳常数现象(只是安多更为明显);总辐射、大气逆辐射、地表长波辐射、地表有效辐射和地表辐射平衡等的日变化(晴天)无论是安多站还是沙漠站均表现为早晚出现最小值而正午附近(地方时)达到最大值,而地表反照率的日变化(晴天)相反表现为早晚大而正午附近小的规律;上述各分量均表现有程度不等的季节变化规律:总辐射、大气逆辐射、地表长波辐射和地表辐射平衡均表现为夏半年增大达到最大值百而冬半年降低量出现最小值;另外,大气长波辐射、地表有效辐射和地表反照率在沙漠站的年际变化的振幅较安多站更为显著和有规律。Using the IOP,FOP data of GAME-Tibet and HEIFE,the temporal variations of the climatological features of the parameters of the radiation balance of the north of the Tibet Plateau and the desert in HEIFE were calculated and analyzed.The results shown:Both in the north of the Tibet Plateau and in desert in HEIFE,over solar constant cases were found in summer,these cases wre more obvious in Anduo site.The daily variations of the total radiation,Longwave radiation and net radiation are similar:there are maximum at noon (local time) and minimum in the morning and in the evening,but the daily variation of the albedo is maximum in the morning and evening and minimum at noon.The seasonal variations of these parameters are different:for total radiation,downward longwave radiation,upward longwave radiation and net radiation,the maximums are in summer and the minimums are in winter.Additionally,the interannual variations of upward longwave radiation,effective longwave radiation and albedo are more obvious and regular in Desert than in Anduo.

关 键 词：青藏高原 HEIFE 草甸下垫面 辐射平衡 气候学特征 

分 类 号：TK519[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]