泌尿系感染病原菌的变迁及耐药性分析  

Variation and Drug Resistance of Pathogens in Urinary System Infection

作　　者：阴斌霞[1] 王香玲[1] 李淑琴[1] 耿燕[1] 张毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第二医院,陕西西安710004

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2003年第9期875-877,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的　了解近年来泌尿系感染病原菌的变迁及耐药现状。方法　应用回顾性调查分析方法 ,对我院 1997至 2 0 0 0年间泌尿系感染检测的 10 2 6株病原菌的分布及耐药性进行统计分析。结果　在泌尿系感染的病原菌中 ,G+ 球菌上升 ,G- 杆菌下降 ,真菌上升 ,其中粪肠球菌上升和变形菌属下降差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,药敏实验结果对以往常用的抗菌药物青霉素类、复方新诺明、红霉素、诺氟沙星及一代头孢显示较高的耐药性 ,2 0 0 0年耐药率 >81.6 % ,对三代头孢、环丙沙星、庆大霉素呈中度耐药 ,耐药率在 4 2 .9%～ 78.3% ,对阿米卡星及头孢哌酮 /舒巴坦呈轻度耐药 ,耐药率 <36 .7%。结论　随着抗生素的更新换代、人口老龄化及医院感染等因素的变化 ,泌尿系感染病原菌的分布及耐药性均发生了变迁。OBJECTIVE To know the present situation on variation and drug resistance of pathogens in urinary system infection. METHODS A total of 1 026 strains pathogens in urinary system infection from 1997 to 2000 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS Among pathogens of urinary system infection, the amount of G + cocci went up and of G - bacilli went down and of fungi also increased. Specially, the changes of Enterococcus faecalis and Proteus were significant (P<0.05). Escherichia coli was the main pathogen in urinary system infection and showed drug resistance to penicillins, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, erythromycin, norfloxacin and the first generation cephalosporins (drug resistant rate 81.6%) in 2000. The resistance to the third generation cephalosporins, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin were mediate (drug resistant rates: 42.9 78.3%) and the resistance to amikacin and cefoperazone/sulbactam were low (drug resistant rates are less than 36.7%). CONCLUSIONS Drug resistance and distribution of pathogens in urinary system infection are vaying with the renew of the antibiotics, aging of the population and occurring of the hospital infection.

关 键 词：泌尿系感染 病原菌 耐药性 变迁 

分 类 号：R691.3[医药卫生—泌尿科学]