塔里木河流域2001年四源一干河川径流运行分析  

Hydrological Regimes of Four Source Rivers and Mainstream of Tarim River, Xinjiang in 2001

作　　者：王彦国[1] 李敏学[2] 王进[1] 王建文[3] 毛炜峄[4] 王顺德[1] 

机构地区：[1]阿克苏水文水资源勘测局,新疆阿克苏843000 [2]阿克苏地区水利局,新疆阿克苏843000 [3]巴州水文水资源勘测局,新疆库尔勒841000 [4]新疆气象局,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2003年第4期401-408,共8页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目 (KZCX1 10 0 6 ) ;国家自然科学基金项目 (498710 2 1)资助

摘　　要：20 0 1年塔里木河流域四条源流出山口天然径流量计 2 6 6 .5× 10 8m3 ,比多年平均值多 40 .70×10 8m3 ,增加 18%.源流区在进入塔里木河干流前总耗水量为 2 2 0 .0× 10 8m3 ,与多年平均值比较多 43.4× 10 8m3 ,增加 2 4.6 %,而入塔里木河水量为 46 .48× 10 8m3 ,比多年平均 48.12× 10 8m3 减少1.6 4× 10 8m3 .塔里木河干流龙头站———阿拉尔站 2 0 0 1年年径流量为 45 .72× 10 8m3 ,接近多年均值 46 .0 0× 10 8m3 ,属平水年 .干流上游区间耗水量 2 4.77× 10 8m3 ,占阿拉尔站年径流量的 5 4.2 %;中游区间耗水量 18.94× 10 8m3 ,占阿拉尔站年径流量的 41.4%;下游区间耗水 2 .0 2 5× 10 8m3 (纯塔里木河水 ) ,仅占阿拉尔站年径流量的 4.4%.2 0 0 1年从开都河 孔雀河的博斯腾湖和塔里木河向下游绿色走廊的应急输水于 11月 16日水流到台特玛湖 ,从而结束了塔里木河下游近 30a干涸的历史 ,使下游绿色走廊恶化环境开始恢复 .The Tarim River Basin is located in the southern half of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, PRC. It is surrounded by mountains on three sides and is a closed-basin with no outlet to the sea. From the confluence of its three main contributing tributaries, the Tarim River mainstream extends some 1 300 km to Taitema Lake. There are numerous other rivers coming down from the mountains that disappear into the desert. The three tributary river systems that contribute flows to the Tarim River (Aksu, Hotan and Yarkand) join just above the Aler gauging station where the Tarim River begins. In addition the Kaidu-Konque River Basin, which is hydrologically separate from the Tarim River, contributes water to the Tarim River by means of a man-made transfer channel. Actual annual contributions under existing conditions 29×10+8 m+3 for Aksu, 12×10+8 m+3 for Hotan, 1 ×10+8 m+3 for Yarkand, and 1.5×10+8 m+3 for Konque, for a total of 43.5×10+8 m+3. All of this water is consumptively used before reaching the !green corridor' in 1974_2000. Total streamflow of four headstreams of the Tarim River in 2001 is 266.5×10+8m+3, more 40.70×10+8m+3 than annual mean streamflow, increasing 18% to annual mean value, and 2001 is a wet year. Before entrance to mainstream of the Tarim River, water consumption of four headstreams sum up to 220.0×10+8m+3 , more 43.4×10+8m+3 than annual mean water consumption, and increasing 24.6%. Total amount of water contributed to Tarim River in 2001 was 46.48×10+8m+3, reduced 1.64×10+8m+3 comparing to 48.12×10+8m+3 of annual flow. In 2001, streamflow at Aler Gauging Station where the Tarim River begins was 45.72×10+8m+3, close to annual mean flow of 46.00×10+8m+3. The interzone water consumption of the Tarim River are estimated to be 24.77×10+8m+3 for the upper course, 18.94×10+8m+3 for the middle course and 2.025×10+8m+3 for the downstream course . Historical annual flows average over 40×10+8 m+3, but for the past two decades there has essentially been no flow below Daxihaizi Reservoir,

关 键 词：塔里木河流域 河川径流 区间耗水 调水 生态环境 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]