岩爆过程释放的能量分析  

Analysis of energy released in process of rock-burst

作　　者：徐则民[1] 吴培关[1] 王苏达[1] 唐正光[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学土木系,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2003年第3期104-110,共7页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(402721 19);教育部科学技术研究重点项目(地方 02140)

摘　　要：能量积累与耗散是岩爆机理研究的重要内容之一。以往的研究一般将岩爆过程释放的能量归结为隧道围岩的弹性应变能。分析表明,开挖状态下,围岩可以积蓄的宏观弹性应变能小于岩爆过程释放的总能量。根据理论物理学、结晶学及矿物学相关理论与岩爆特征,岩爆能量应属于破裂面两侧断裂晶体的应变能,并非围岩整体的应变能。岩爆破裂面断裂晶体的应变能是在裂纹到达的瞬间因晶体被拉伸到极限状态而达到最大值并高速释放的,因此,岩爆能量的积累过程是短暂的、瞬时的。岩爆过程释放的能量转化为表面能、动能及热能等形式,而动能是裂纹持续快速扩展的主要驱动力。Accumulation and dissipation of energy is one of the important problems about the mechanisms of rock- burst. In former relevant researches, the energy released in the process of rock-burst (ERPR) is regarded as the elastic strain energy or deformational energy of the whole wall rock of tunnels. The calculation results shows that the accumulated elastic strain energy of wall rock is less than ERPR. According to the theories of theoretical physics, crystallography and mineralogy, it is put forward that ERPR should be the strain energy of broken crystals (miner- als) on rock-burst fracture planes. ERPR is released in the twinkling of an eye after the rock-burst crack has ar- rived, so the accumulation process of EPRR is very short. ERPR turns into surface energy, kinetic energy, heat energy and so on and the kinetic energy is the main driving force of the crack stable propagating.

关 键 词：岩爆 能量 脆性断裂 破裂面 晶体 裂纹 

分 类 号：TU457[建筑科学—岩土工程]