污水灌溉对冬小麦根长密度和根系吸水速率分布的影响  

Effects of Reclaimed Wastewater Irrigation on Distributions of Root-length-density and Root-water-uptake-rate in Winter Wheat

作　　者：孟雷[1] 左强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,教育部植物-土壤相互作用重点实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2003年第4期25-29,共5页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：霍英东教育基金项目及中以国际合作项目

摘　　要：由于淡水资源的紧缺 ,已有越来越多的污水被用于农业灌溉。设置田间冬小麦栽培试验 ,分析比较了污水、淡水灌溉条件下冬小麦根长密度分布和相对根长密度分布的变化规律 ,并应用平均根系吸水速率的反求方法对各处理冬小麦不同生育阶段的平均根系吸水速率分布进行了估算与分析。结果表明 :与淡水灌溉相比 ,若采用二级处理污水 (电导率 1.14m S/cm)对冬小麦实施灌溉 ,将使得近地表处的根长密度有所增加 ,而下部土层中的根长密度分布则变化不大 ;尽管灌溉水质不同、生育阶段各异 ,但冬小麦相对根长密度在相对深度上的分布却差异不大 ;污水灌溉能显著降低冬小麦的平均根系吸水速率 ,影响作物对土壤水分的吸收利用。An experiment was carried out in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Nongda 186) field with fresh water treatment (treatment FW) and reclaimed wastewater treatment (treatment FS, 1.14 ms/cm in electric conductivity). Distribution of root-length- density (RLD), normalized relative RLD and average root-water-uptake-rate(RWUR) of winter wheat at different growth stages for treatment FW and treatment FS were measured, calculated, and estimated with an inverse method, respectively. Results showed that: ① RLD values in treatment FS were greater than that in FW in near soil surface layer. However, RLD values are very similar for both treatments in lower layers of soil. ② normalized relative RLD distribution in winter wheat is seemingly independent to irrigation water quality and crop growing stages; ③ Reclaimed wastewater irrigation reduced average RWUR in winter wheat remarkably.

关 键 词：污水灌溉 冬小麦 根长密度 根系吸水速率 分布 反求方法 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学] S273.5