改性剂和增容剂在EPDM/蒙脱土纳米复合材料中的作用  

Effect of surfactants and compatibilizer on the morphology of EPDM/montmorillonite nanocomposite

作　　者：郑华[1] 张勇[1] 彭宗林[1] 张隐西[1] 李培祥 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学高分子材料研究所,上海200240 [2]青岛高校软控股份有限公司,山东青岛266042

出　　处：《弹性体》2003年第4期1-5,共5页China Elastomerics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(59973011)

摘　　要：采用熔融插层和不同链长的改性剂改性蒙脱土的方法制备了三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)/蒙脱土(MMT)纳米复合材料。X 射线衍射(XRD)和透射电镜(TEM)的测试结果表明:采用分子中亚甲基的数量小于16的改性剂改性MMT获得的有机蒙脱土与EPDM复合所得到的复合材料为传统型复合材料。而采用分子中亚甲基的数量大于16的改性剂改性MMT获得的有机蒙脱土与EPDM复合所得到的纳米复合材料为插层型。同时,笔者还探讨了EPDM接枝马来酸酐增容剂对复合材料形态的影响以及获得剥离型纳米复合材料的增容剂中马来酸酐的临界接枝率和增容剂最佳含量。此外,对该纳米复合材料的物理机械性能进行了评价。Ethylenepropylenediene rubber (EPDM)/organic montmorillonite(OMMT) nanocomposite was prepared via a melt process.Four kinds of surfactants were explored to modify montmorillonite in order to investigate their influence on the morphology of EPDM/OMMT nanocomposite.The nanostructure was characterized by means of Xray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electronmicroscopy (TEM).When the number of methylene groups in the surfactant was larger than 16,intercalated nanocomposite was obtained.In addition,EPDM grafted maleic anhydride was added as a compatibilizer,and it influence on the morphology of the EPDM/montmorillonite nanocomposites were investigated.The experimental results showed that,when the maleic anhydride grafting level was higher than 5.2%,the exfoliated nanocomposites with OMMTs modified by trimethyloctadecylamine and distearydimethylamine were obtained,and the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were greatly improved.

关 键 词：改性剂 增容剂 EPDM 乙丙橡胶 蒙脱土 纳米复合材料 

分 类 号：TQ333.4[化学工程—橡胶工业] TQ330.387