氮肥对新疆高产棉花叶片叶绿素荧光动力学参数的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen on Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Leaves of High-yielding Cotton in Xinjiang

作　　者：张旺锋[1] 勾玲[1] 王振林[2] 李少昆[1] 余松烈[2] 曹连莆[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆兵团绿洲生态农业实验室/石河子大学新疆作物高产研究中心,石河子832003 [2]山东农业大学农学院,泰安271018

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2003年第8期893-898,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (3 9960 0 3 7) ;国家"十五"重大攻关资助项目 (2 0 0 1BA5 0 7A0 4);石河子大学青年科学基金资助项目

摘　　要：利用叶绿素荧光动力学测定技术 ,对不同氮肥用量条件下棉花叶片光能吸收、传递、转换特性进行了研究。结果表明 ,适量追施氮肥 (30 0kg·ha-1)改善了棉花叶片光合功能 ,提高了PSII的活性和光化学最大效率及PSII反应中心开放部分的比例 ,使表观光合作用电子传递速率和PSII总的光化学量子产量提高 ,降低了非辐射能量耗散 ,使叶片所吸收的光能较充分地用于光合作用。这种改善光合功能的作用与品种有密切关系 ,新陆早 6号响应较为敏感 ,而新陆早 7号响应不敏感。In order to explore the physiological mechanism of high-yielding cotton in Xinjiang systematically and to improve yield further, the absorption, transfer and transformation of solar radiation by cotton leaf in Xinjiang were investigated by means of chlorophyll fluorescence determination method. Proper nitrogen application (300 kg·ha -1 ) improved cotton leaf photosynthesis, activity of PSII, maximum photochemical efficiency, PSII coefficients of non-photochemical fluorescence quenching. Nitrogen application increased photosynthetic electron transport rate, photosynthetic quantum yield and reduced dissipation of non-radiant energy, thereby, more leaf-absorbed light was utilized in photosynthesis, but this kind of improvement on photosynthetic function depended on varieties.

关 键 词：氮肥 新疆 棉花 叶片 叶绿素 荧光动力学参数 影响因素 测定技术 光能吸收 光能传递 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]