油菜小孢子培养和双单倍体育种研究Ⅱ.影响甘蓝型油菜和芥菜型油菜种间杂种胚产量的因素  

Studies on Microspore Culture and Double Haploid Breeding on Rape Ⅱ.Influencing Factors on Microspore Culture of F_1 Hybrids between Brassica napus and Brassica juncea

作　　者：李栒[1] 官春云[1] 陈社元[1] 王国槐[1] 刘忠松[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《作物学报》2003年第5期744-749,T004,共7页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：湖南省科技厅重点项目 (97JKY10 0 5 )

摘　　要：对甘蓝型油菜与芥菜型油菜种间杂交F1 代杂种进行离体小孢子培养研究。结果表明 :(1)F1 杂种胚产量受亲本基因型的影响 ;(2 )在F1 杂种花粉可育率为 30 %～ 4 3%的范围内 ,F1 杂种花粉可育率对有效胚产量无明显影响 ;(3)供体植株年龄对高胚产量的材料无明显影响 ,对低胚产量的材料有明显影响。 (4)提出用花药颜色来选择适合的小孢子培养的花蕾的指标 ,花药颜色以绿带点黄或绿带黄为宜 ;(5 )提出胚从NLN液体培养基转到半固体B5培养基培养 3d后再转至固体B5培养基 ,比从NLN液体培养基直接转到固体培养基的培养方式相对较好 ,可提高胚再生频率 ;(6 )诱导植株再生最适合的胚龄是 2 7d ,0 .2～ 0 .3cm大小的胚比 0 .6～ 0 .The microspore culture of the interspecific F 1 hybrids between Brassica napus and Brassica juncea was investigated. The results showed: (1) The embryo output of the F 1 hybrids was related to the genotype of their parents; (2) The pollen fertility of the F 1 hybrids with a rate from 30% to 43% had no obvious effect on the efficient embryo output; (3) The donor plant age had obvious effect on those hybrids with lower embryo yield and no much effect on those with higher yield; (4) The anther color with yellowish green was the most suitable for the induction of embryogenesis; (5) It was better to transfer the embryo cultures from liquid NLN to semisolid B 5 medium for 3 days and then to the solid B 5 medium increasing regeneration as comparing with the transfer from the liquid directly to the solid ; (6) The embryos with 27 days in age and 0.2 cm to 0.3 cm in size were ideal explants for getting the regeneration.

关 键 词：油菜 小孢子培养 双倍体 单倍体 育种 甘蓝型油菜 芥菜型油菜 种间杂种 胚产量 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]