从实验种群生命表的参数分析毛竹害螨暴发成灾的成因  

Studies on Parameters Experiment Population Life table to Analyze Factors Causing Outbreaks of Pest Mites in Moso bamboo Forests

作　　者：张艳璇[1] 季洁[1] 林坚贞[1] 斋藤裕[2] 张智强 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所,福州350013 [2]日本北海道大学大学院农学研究科 [3]新西兰奥克兰芒特阿尔伯特土壤保育研究所

出　　处：《竹子研究汇刊》2003年第3期23-29,共7页Journal of Bamboo Research

基　　金：福建省科技厅重大国际合作项目 (99-I-2 ) ;国家科技部农业科技成果转化基金项目;国家外国专家局重大推广项目 ;日本文部省国际合作项目 Jsps(1 3 5 75 0 2 1 );新西兰科学与技术委员会资助项目

摘　　要：研究分析南京裂爪螨、竹裂爪螨、竹缺爪螨在 2 0℃、2 5℃、32℃温度条件下实验种群生命表 ,结果表明 :温度是影响这三种害螨总产卵量、世代存活率、生殖力以及种群增长指数的重要因素之一。三种害螨的共同天敌竹盲走螨在 2 5℃条件下分别以这三种害螨为猎物的实验种群生命表 ,并进行比较 ,结果表明 :1竹盲走螨以南京裂爪螨为猎物其净增殖率 (R0 =2 2 .35 ) ,内禀增长率 (rm=0 .15 5 ) ,周限增长率 (λ=1.16 8)均高于南京裂爪螨 (R0 =2 0 .84 ,rm=0 .0 89,λ=1.0 94 ) ,而种群倍增时间 (t=4 .4 6 6 )低于南京裂爪螨 (t=7.70 4 ) ,因此在林间能有效地控制南京裂爪螨种群的增长 ;2竹盲走螨以竹裂爪螨为猎物 ,其净增殖率 (R0 =2 8.35 )、内禀增长率 (rm=0 .15 2 )、周限增长率 (λ=1.16 4)均低于竹裂爪螨 (R0 =39.2 8,rm=0 .192 ,λ=1.2 12 ) ,而种群倍增时间 (t=4 .5 6 5 9)高于竹裂爪螨 (t=3.6 0 37) ,因此在林间猎物处于高密度时不能完全有效地控制竹裂爪螨种群的增长 ;3竹盲走螨以竹缺爪螨为猎物 ,其净生殖率 (R0 =2 1.89)与竹缺爪螨 (R0 =2 1.89)相近 ,而内禀增长率(rm=0 .14 8) ,周限增长率 (λ=1.16 0 )低于竹缺爪螨 (rm=0 .185 ,λ=1.2 0 3) ,种群倍增时间 (t=4 .6 75 3)高于竹缺爪螨 (t=3.75 2 )The experiment population life table of Schizotetranychus nanjingensis, S.bambusae and Aponychus corpuzae at 20℃,25℃ and 32℃ temperature condition were studied.The results were showed that the temperature was an important factor effecting on the generation survival rate, fecundity and population increase index of 3 species mites. Typhlodromus bambusae is a dominant predator species association with S. nanjingensis, S. bambusae, A. corpuzae and Aculus bambusae on the moso bamboo plants in Fujian. Comparing parameters experiment population life table of T. bambusae with it's preys were showed: ①the population increase parameters ( R_0=23.35,r_m =0.155, λ =1.168)of T. bambusae are consistently higher than those in the prey, S. nanjingensis ( R_0=20.84,r_m =0.089, λ =1.094), therefore T. bambusae has sufficient ability to suppress S. nanjingensis at least from the view of life history parameters; ②The population increase parameters ( R_0=28.35,r_m =0.152, λ =1.164) of T. bambusae feeding on S. bambusae were lower than those of the prey( R_0=39.28,r_m =0.192, λ =1.212) at 25℃. T. bambusae by itself may not suppress S. bambusae population because the population increase of the prey is much higher than the predator; ③The population increase parameters( R_0 =21.89) of T. bambusae was very similar to it's prey A. corpuzae ( R_0 =21.54), but r_m =0.148 and λ =1.160 of T. bambusae was lower than A. corpuzae ( r_m =0.185, λ =1.203). These also suggest that T. bambusae may also not completely suppress A. corpuzae. Finally the relationship of molyculture and polyculture for pest mites outbreaks in moso bamboo forests has been discussed.

关 键 词：实验种群生命表 参数分析 毛竹害螨 灾害成因 产卵量 世代存活率 生殖力 种群增长指数 净增殖率 

分 类 号：S763.7[农业科学—森林保护学]