肺血管结构重建与肉鸡肺动脉高压形成的关系  

The Relationship between Pulmonary Vascular Structural Remodeling and the Development of Pulmonary Hypertension of Broilers

作　　者：刘健华[1] 梁礼成[2] 金久善[2] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学兽医学院,广州510642 [2]中国农业大学动物医学院,北京100094

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2003年第5期515-520,共6页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：农业部九五攻关专题资助项目(95牧 02 03 11)

摘　　要：为探讨肺血管重建与肉鸡肺动脉高压形成的关系及肺外动脉舒张反应下降的原因,研究观察比较了正常鸡、亚临床腹水鸡和腹水鸡肺血管形态学上的变化。结果显示:腹水鸡和亚临床腹水鸡各种管径肺动脉的中膜都比正常鸡厚,而腹水鸡的又比亚临床腹水鸡的厚;肺动脉相对中膜厚度和相对中膜面积都与RV/TV呈极显著相关(P<0 001),并与mPAP、mRVP、LeadⅡS和SaO2呈显著或极显著相关(P<0 01,P<0 001)。对腹水鸡和亚临床腹水鸡肺外动脉的病理组织学观察结果为:随肺动脉压升高,肺外动脉内皮损伤逐渐严重,内膜逐渐纤维化和增生、增厚,并使整个管壁纤维化和增厚,内皮至平滑肌的间隙逐渐增宽,由大量成纤维细胞、结缔组织和胶原纤维组成。结果说明:以肺动脉中膜肥厚为特征的肺血管结构重建与肺动脉高压、右心肥大的关系极为密切,是导致肉鸡肺动脉高压发生发展的主要形态学因素;组织学上的结构变化使血管顺应性下降可能是造成肺外动脉对舒血管物质的舒张反应性下降的原因,非NO释放下降造成的。Pulmonary structural remodelling is an important character of pulmonary hypertension.This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between pulmonary structural remodelling and the development of pulmonary hypertension of broilers.We observed the pathological changes of lung and extra pulmonary arteries from five ascitic and ten preascitic broilers and compared with five normal broilers.By using the microscopic image analysis program,the measurement of the relative ratios of vessel wall area/total area(WA/TA) and vessel wall thickness/vessel external diameter (WD/TD) of pulmonary arterioles was accomplished.We found that preascitic and ascitic broilers exhibited a thicker medial smooth muscular layer than normal broilers.The WA/TA and WD/TD of preascitic and ascitic broilers were all higher than normal broilers,and ascitic broilerswere higher than preascitic broilets.WA/TA and WD/TD were positively correlated with RV/TV and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP),especially with RV/TV(P<0 001).As the development of pulmonary hypertension,the injury of endothelium of extra pulmonary arteries became more serious,the intima proliferated and became fibrous and thicker,the gap between endothelium and smooth muscle broadend and composed of a large number of fibroblast,collagen,and connective tissue.It can be concluded that the pulmonary vascular structural remodelling might be one of the important factors in the formation of pulmonary hypertension.The histopathological changes of extra pulmonary arteries indicate that it was the decreased conformability induced by pulmonary vascular structural remodelling that depressed the relaxation responses of extra pulmonary artery to vasodilator but not the lower release of NO.

关 键 词：肺血管 结构重建 肉鸡 肺动脉高压综合症 腹水综合症 动脉压力 腹水心脏指数 

分 类 号：S858.31[农业科学—临床兽医学]