沙河流域非点源溶解态氮负荷模拟及源解析  

Simulation and Source Apportionment of Nonpoint Source Dissolved Nitrogen Load in Shahe Watershed

作　　者：张亚尼[1] 李泽利[2] 邓小文[2] 赵兴华[2] 梅鹏蔚[2] 张环[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学环境与化学工程学院,天津300387 [2]天津市环境监测中心,天津300191

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2017年第5期352-356,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项跨省重点流域生态补偿与经济责任机制示范研究课题(2013ZX07603-003-006)

摘　　要：利用通用流域负荷模型(GWLF)对沙河流域2006—2012年的溶解态氮(DN)负荷进行了定量分析和来源解析,并基于模型分析了各污染源的季节性差异。模型在沙河流域适用性良好,月径流和DN负荷在校准期和验证期的ENS和R2都大于0.6,模型具备可靠的模拟能力。模拟结果表明,沙河流域DN年均负荷以非点源污染为主,占总污染负荷的82.7%。在所有土地利用类型中,耕地的DN负荷贡献率最大(64.5%),表明人类影响下的农业生产活动是流域非点源污染最主要的来源。同时,沙河流域DN负荷污染源组成表现出明显的季节性差异,丰水期地表径流是最主要的污染源(47.0%),而枯水期农村生活污染源(45.0%)和点源(23.1%)贡献相对显著。因此,在制定负荷削减方案时,应考虑氮污染源的季节性。Generalized Watershed Loading Functions(GWLF)was employed to estimate dissolved nitrogen(DN)load and perform source apportionment in Shahe Watershed from 2006 to 2012.The seasonal variation of pollution source was also analyzed based on model results.Satisfactory performance of GWLF was revealed by the ENSand R2 of greater than 0.6in calibrating and validating streamflow and DN.The result indicated that the nonpoint source pollution had the highest ratio of the annual average DN load,accounting for81.6%.Among all the land uses,farmlands contributed most to DN load in Shahe watershed,indicating that agricultural activities dominated by human were the major contributor of nonpoint source pollution.Besides,seasonal differences of the contribution ratio from DN pollution source were significant.Runoff was the major pollution source in the wet season;however,septic system and point source were more significant in the dry season.In order to efficiently reduce and control nitrogen pollution in Shahe Watershed,it is necessary to consider the difference of pollution source constitution between wet season and dry season with respect to the formulation of pollution reduction plan and control measure preference.

关 键 词：沙河流域 GWLF 非点源 溶解态氮 污染源解析 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]