长期施锌条件下土壤-植物系统植物营养元素的分布特征  

Distribution of nutrient elements in Soil-Crop System after long-term application of zinc fertilizer

作　　者：魏孝荣[1] 郝明德[2] 张春霞[2] 田梅霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2003年第8期1438-1441,共4页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40171058);中国科学院知识创新方向性项目(KZCX2-413)

摘　　要：对黄土高原旱地连续17a施用锌肥条件下植物营养元素在土壤-植物系统中的分布特征进行研究,结果表明:长期施用锌肥0～40cm土层土壤的碳、氮元素含量高于对照处理,而40～100cm土层土壤的碳、氮含量低于对照处理;0～100cm土层土壤全磷含量高于对照,而有效磷含量低于对照。施锌冬小麦茎、叶和籽粒中氮含量高于不施锌处理,而壳中氮含量低于对照处理,施锌后氮素在冬小麦茎、叶、籽粒和整个植株中的累积量高于对照,籽粒和茎中磷的含量低于对照,植株中磷的积累量也低于对照。A longterm fixed experiment of application of zinc fertilizer on arid land was conducted to study the distribution of C, N, P in soilcrop system.The results shows that after 17 years continuous application of zinc fertilizer,the reaction between zinc fertilizer and nutrient such as organic matter,nitrogen and phosphorus caused different allocation of these elements in soil and crop systems.Organic matter and nitrogen contents were higher in Zn treatment in surface and subsurface soil (0~40 cm) than that in control treatment,but lower in deep soil (40~100 cm).The total phosphorus content in the whole soil profile was higher in Zn treatment than that in control treatment,while the adverse phenomenon was observed about available phosphorus content.Since zinc is necessary for plants growth,it makes crop take up more nitrogen from soil than nonzinc treatment,but absorb less phosphorous because interaction with phosphorous.Therefore,it appears different distribution of nitrogen and phosphorous in grains,shells,leaves and bines.So far as the balance of nutrient elements in soil was concerned,no matter whether zinc was used or not,nitrogen was waned and phosphorous was surplused.

关 键 词：长期施锌 土壤 冬小麦 养分 分布 

分 类 号：Q945.15[生物学—植物学] S154.4[农业科学—土壤学]