中国结缕草属(Zoysia spp.)植物抗寒性评价  

Assessment of Cold-Tolerance of China's Zoysia spp.

作　　者：李亚[1] 谢晓金[2] 宣继萍[1] 刘建秀[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省中国科学院植物研究所,南京中山植物园,南京210014 [2]南京农业大学,南京210095

出　　处：《草地学报》2003年第3期240-245,共6页Acta Agrestia Sinica

摘　　要：在广泛收集结缕草属(ZoysiaWild.)种质资源基础上,按照形态类型和地理分布,选取40份种质,采用电导法(EL)对其抗寒性进行初步评价。以半致死温度(LT50)为评价指标,在参试材料中除大穗结缕草和来自台湾岛海边沙地的沟叶结缕草外,其它种质都较天堂-419(对照)抗寒;在结缕草属内,抗寒性具有明显的种间差异,耐寒性依次为日本结缕草>中华结缕草>沟叶结缕草>细叶结缕草>长花中华结缕草>大穗结缕草,其中细叶类型的沟叶结缕草和细叶结缕草抗寒性变异较大;日本结缕草和中华结缕草抗寒性变异与地理分布之间没有显著关系,但分布在海边的种类和种质抗寒性明显较低;结缕草属及其中华结缕草的抗寒性与叶长、叶宽以及叶背面被毛之间均存在显著的负相关关系,但这种关系不体现在日本结缕草上。实验结果还表明,EL方法是评价结缕草属抗寒性较为可靠的方法之一。By morphological types and geographical distributions,40 accessions have selected from the widely collected germplasm of Zoysia spp.to assess the cold tolerance of the species through electrolyte leakage ratio.Taking living temperature 50(LT50)as an estimation norm,the experiment result shows that all accessions,except Zoysia macrostaycha and Z.matrella that comes from the sandy seashores of Taiwan,tolerate lower temperature than Tiffton419 does,and the cold resistance of different species also vary significantly.The accessions' cold tolerance capacity could be listed as follows:Z.japonica>Z.sinica>Z.matrella>Z.tenuifolia>Z.sinica var.nipponica>Z.macrostaycha.Among them the fineleaved Z.matrella and Z.tenuifolia show variant cold resistance capacity in different conditions,while Z.japonica and Z.sinica change their cold tolerance capacity though irrelative to their geographical distributions.Zoysia spp indigenous to the seaside are least cold resistant.There is a negative relationship between Zoysia sinica's leaflength,width, and thickness of hair on the underside of the leaf and the species' cold tolerance.However,such relationship does not bind Z.japonica.The result of the experiment proves that electrolyte leakage ratio is a reliable method to evaluate the cold tolerance of Zoysia.

关 键 词：草原学 结缕草属植物 种质资源 电导法 抗寒性 半致死温度 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]