不同时期北京人对SARS的应对行为、认知评价和情绪状态的变化  

Behaviour, Cognition and Emotion of the Public in Beijing towards SARS

作　　者：钱铭怡[1] 叶冬梅[1] 董葳[1] 黄峥[1] 张黎黎[1] 刘兴华[1] 章晓云[1] 张哲宇[1] 钟杰[1] 王慈欣[1] 聂晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学心理学系,100871

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2003年第8期515-520,共6页Chinese Mental Health Journal

摘　　要：目的 :探讨在非典型肺炎疫情的不同阶段 ,北京人的应对行为、认知评价和情绪的状况及其发展变化规律。方法 :自编《关于非典型肺炎 (SARS)的调查问卷》 ,通过E -mail和网页填写问卷的方式 ,共得到北京的有效问卷 473份 ,使用SPSS10 0对结果进行统计分析。结果 :面对非典型肺炎 ,北京人感到了比较多的环境压力 ,他们对非典型肺炎的信息比较关注 ,同时采取了注意个人卫生、作息习惯、出门戴口罩、减少不必要的外出等措施进行预防 ,部分人也出现了一些储存现金和食品、过多测体温等非理性的行为。在认知上 ,人们认为应该调整心态坦然面对。在非典型肺炎与人们的空间距离和心理距离减少时 ,人们越来越多的体会到紧张、恐惧、愤怒、悲观、无助的负性情绪 ,兴奋、平静和麻木的情绪在随之减少。随着疫情的发展 ,人们的认知、行为和对非典型肺炎的关注也发生了一系列的变化。Objective:To explore the change of the behaviour, cognition and emotion of the public in Beijing during different prevalence of SARS Method: 'Questionnaire on SARS' was designed by authors Through e-mails or websites, 473 valid copies were collected in Beijing Result:Facing with SARS, the public in Beijing faced high pressure from the environment They concerned with the information on SARS very much, and adopted more self-protection behaviours, such as wearing masks, paying more attention on personal hygiene Some people also showed irrational behaviours, such as storing cashes and food, taking the temperature too much times within one day and so on As for the cognition, people thought they should adjust themselves psychologically in order to overcome SARS related problems without being panic When the SARS cases increasing, physical and psychological stricture made people feel more nervous, panic, helpless, angry and pessimistic, as well as less excited, calm and numb The cognition, behaviour and the emotion of Beijing's public varied along with the situation in Beijing and in China

关 键 词：严重急性呼吸综合征 SARS 北京 应对行为 认知评价 情绪 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R395.6[医药卫生—内科学]