绿洲生态环境动态调控模型及系统概念设计应用  

Concept Design of Dynamic Regulation System of Oasis Ecosystem

作　　者：石亚男[1] 刘高焕[1] 张北飞[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]国家基础地理信息中心,北京100044

出　　处：《地球信息科学》2003年第3期6-10,共5页Geo-information Science

摘　　要：绿洲是荒漠中的特殊景观 ,在干旱、半干旱地理系统中有着重要的生态意义 ,是该系统中物质、能量和信息交流的主要界面。绿洲的生态环境脆弱 ,随着人类活动的加剧 ,绿洲生态系统的稳定性 ,将面临更加严峻的考验。利用先进的空间信息技术 (包括遥感和 GIS) ,可以建立绿洲生态环境动态调控系统 ,使之服务于绿洲的稳定、可持续发展。本文依据水资源的供需平衡原理和水资源利用与生态环境之间的耦合关系对基于遥感 (RS)和 GIS的绿洲生态环境动态调控的模型进行了概念设计 。The oasis is a special landscape in arid desert, which plays the most important ecological role in arid and semi arid geographic system The matter,energy and information frequently exchanges at its interface, and it is the primary human habitat in arid regions The ecosystem of oasis is fragile, and with the intensiveness of human's activity, the system will be more unstable Based on the advanced technique of remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS),it is possible to develop an integrated system to regulate the oasis ecosystem dynamically and to serve the sustainable oasis development This paper describes the concept, structure, functionalities and applications of the oasis regulation system A group of models were developed The water demand model can estimate the total water demand including each crop water demand in different times, ecological water demand, and other water demand The water supply model can calculate the available water resources of ground water and surface water, and the system balance model can balance the water demand and water supply by regulating the usage of water resource and landuse structure The system is established on the base of a database including the data of topography, weather, hydrology, land use, socio economic data and some other special data Multi temporal remote sensing images are dynamic data source The system will be used for studying the relationship between water resource usage and ecosystem development in oasis, and will be helpful for oasis planning, management, and monitoring for the purpose of realizing its stable and sustainable development

关 键 词：绿洲 生态环境 动态调控 生态需水 可持续发展 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]