玉米生长期间石灰性土壤Ca-P转化特征与土壤速效磷、磷酸酶活性及相关性研究  

Transformation Characteristics of Ca-P in Calcareous Soil and Correlativity With Soil Available P and Phosphatase Activity During Maize Growth

作　　者：刘秀珍[1] 梁小宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学资源与环境学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2003年第3期45-47,120,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：山西省科技攻关项目"精确灌溉与施肥自动化控制系统的研究"(编号:002016)部分研究内容

摘　　要：通过大田试验研究了施用磷肥后玉米生长期间石灰性土壤Ca-P组分和磷酸酶活性的变化及其相关性。结果表明:玉米生长的前期和中期施入土壤中的磷肥主要转化为速效磷和Ca2-P,生长后期主要转化为Ca8-P,很少向Ca10-P转化,在高含水量条件下有利于土壤磷由易溶态向难溶态转化,在低含水量条件下转化率随施肥量的增加而降低,在高含水量下转化率随施肥量的增加而增加;土壤磷酸酶活性在玉米生长期间表现为前、中期呈上升趋势,后期开始缓慢下降,水分对磷酸酶活性的影响小于肥效;土壤速效磷和Ca-P组分的相关性为Ca8-P>Ca2-P,土壤磷酸酶活性与速效磷和Ca-P组分的相关性为孕穗期>拔节期>蜡熟期>成熟期,土壤速效磷和磷酸酶活性都与Ca10-P不相关。The correlativity of soil Ca-P components and changes of phosphatase activity are studied by field experiment after fertilizing phosphates during maize growth. Results show as follows: The phosphates fertilized the soil mostly transformed to available P and Ca2-P during the initial and middle days of maize growth stages, and mainly transformed to Ca8-P during the post days of maize growth, and hardly transformed to Ca10-P. The high water quantity conditions are helpful to the transformation of soil phosphorus from the easily solvent form to the difficultly solvent form, the phosphates transformation efficiency decreases under low water quantity conditions and increases under high water quantity conditions; The phosphatase activity of soil rise during the initial and middle days of maize growth stages, and slowly descend during the post days of growth, water has smaller effect than fertilizer efficiency on phosphatase activity; The correlation of soil available P and Ca-P components is Ca8-P > Ca2-P, the correlativity of soil phosphatase activity and available P and Ca-P components is: Boot stage > Jointing stage > Waxy ripe stage > Maturity stage, soil available P and phosphatase activity have no correlativity with Ca10-P.

关 键 词：玉米 石灰性土壤 钙-磷 转化特征 土壤速效磷 磷酸酶活性 相关性 磷肥 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S153.61