陕西省燃煤型氟中毒病区及改炉灶进展调查  

Investigation of endemic fluorosis in coal-burning pollution areas in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：陈宝群[1] 李彦林 白广禄[1] 李晓茜[1] 范中学[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省地方病防治研究所,陕西西安710003 [2]陕西省地方病防治办公室,陕西西安710003

出　　处：《中国地方病学杂志》2003年第5期434-436,共3页Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology

基　　金：陕西省地方病防治办公室专项资金资助 (0 2 -13 )

摘　　要：目的　了解陕西省燃煤型氟中毒病区的分布 ,掌握改炉灶降氟进度 ,为氟中毒病区制定改炉灶规划提供依据。方法　对陕西省燃用石煤区的 8～ 12岁儿童进行氟斑牙检查 ,按氟斑牙患病率进行病区划分 ,同时登记病区改炉灶进展情况。结果　在 2市 9个县 (区 ) 12 4个乡镇 16 6 6个村 ,划分出病区村 130 9个 ,受危害 2 5 .0 6万户、97.79万人。目前已经改炉灶 3.4 8万户 ,受益 13.75万人 ,尚有 2 1.5 8万户、84 .0 4万人急需改炉灶。燃用石煤的病区人口以每年 10 %的速度递增 ,改炉灶率仅为 13.90 % ,低于全国平均水平。结论　由于退耕还林政策的实施 ,中、高山区居民逐渐下迁 ,病区范围继续扩大 ,仍要维持一定时间。居民燃料结构逐渐向多元化发展 ,清洁燃料和低氟煤炭的输入 ,将会为综合治理提供有利条件。建立可持续发展的销售服务。Objective To understand the distributions of endemic fluorosis in coal burning pollution areas and remodel the ovens to reduce the emission of fluoride, and to offer data for the project of the genevalized improvement.Methods 8~12 years old children with dental fluorosis were investigated and the state of oven improvement were registered.Results Among 1 666 villages in 124 towns in 9 counties,1 309 villages were regions with endemic fluorosis caused by coal burning pollution.The sufferers were 250.6 thousands families,977.9 thousands persons. 34.8 thousands households, 137.5 thousands persons had benefitted from the improved ovens. There were 215.8 thousands households including 840.4 thousands persons whose ovens needed to be improved.The cases in coal burning pollution areas were increasing by 10%. The rate of remodeled ovens was only 13.90 %, which the rate of improved ovens was lower than the level in the whole country.Conclusions Besides persevering in remodeling ovens,using no pollution fuels or lower fluoride coals as alternative methods provide good prospects in control disease. The guidance of the related technology and fuel sale net work should be established immediately.

关 键 词：陕西 燃煤型氟中毒 改炉灶 调查 病区 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]