禾谷镰刀菌毒素对小麦花药培养特性的影响研究  

Studies of the effect of Fusarium graminearum toxin on wheat anther culture characteristic

作　　者：郭新梅[1] 陈耀锋[1] 任慧莉[1] 郭东伟[1] 李春莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2003年第5期5-8,共4页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：陕西省科技攻关项目(2002K01-G01);陕西省分子生物学重点实验室项目(2002-7)

摘　　要：　用不同浓度的禾谷镰刀菌毒素对离体培养的小麦花药进行胁迫。结果表明,在低浓度(质量浓度)时毒素具有类激素活性效应,能够促进小麦花药组织脱分化,形成愈伤组织;高浓度时毒素表现毒害作用,抑制花药的脱分化和愈伤组织的形成。当毒素质量浓度大于0.5g/L时,随着胁迫浓度的增加,毒素的毒害作用增强,小麦花药的脱分化和形成愈伤组织的能力迅速下降,表现在降低花药反应率和愈伤组织诱导率2个方面。同时毒素的这种效应,因供试材料基因背景的不同而有一定差异。比较而言,含感病基因的杂种花药对毒素敏感。Response of in vitro wheat anther to Fusarium graminearum toxin was studied using induction medium containing Fusarium graminearum crude toxin.The results showed that the toxin had the hormonelike activity and promoted wheat anther tissue to differentiate and form anther callus in the low concentration.At the same time,the toxin had toxicity and affected differentiation of wheat anther and formation of anther callus in the high concentration.When the concentration of the toxin was higher than a certain degree,crude toxin had stronger toxicity with the increasing of the concentration.The abilities of wheat anther differentiation and forming callus fell down quickly and the effects existed in such aspects as reducing the response frequency of wheat anther and induction frequency of anther callus.In addition,the effect of crude toxin was different among variant genotype.In general,anthers from susceptible cultivars/hybrids were easier to be killed by lower toxin concentrations than those from cultivars/hybrids of less susceptible parents.

关 键 词：禾谷镰刀菌毒素 小麦 花药培养 特征特性 影响因素 浓度 离体培养 类激素活性 愈伤组织 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]