铀的微生物成矿作用研究进展  

Progress in study on microbe-metallogenesis of uranium

作　　者：闵茂中[1] 彭新建[1] 王金平[1] 尹琳[1] 张光辉[1] 徐惠芳[2] 李朋富[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学地球科学系成矿作用国家重点实验室,江苏南京210093 [2]美国新墨西哥大学地球与行星科学系,阿尔伯克基nm87131 [3]南京大学生物科学与技术系,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《铀矿地质》2003年第5期257-263,共7页Uranium Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (批准号 :40 1 73 0 3 1 );教育部高校博士点基金 ( 2 0 0 2 0 2 840 3 6)资助项目

摘　　要：铀的微生物成矿作用研究尚处于实验研究阶段。微生物富集铀的机制可分为代谢性和非代谢性两类。前者与代谢产生的酶、化学配位体、排泄物对铀酰的络合、还原有关 ;后者是由细胞的负电位与带正电荷的UO2 + 2 间产生生理 化学作用 ,导致铀的生物吸附、吸收、离子交换和沉淀 ,它与微生物的代谢、活力无关。综述了厌氧菌、喜氧菌富集铀的实验结果。Results of experimental studies for microbial uranium accumulation by anaerobic and aerobic bacteria,as well as mechanisms and developing tendency of microbial uranium accumulation are discussed in the present paper.Up to now,the study on microbe metallogenesis of uranium has been at an experimental stage in laboratory.Mechanisms of microbial uranium accumulation are divided into two types:those that are metabolism dependent and those that are metabolism independent.Metabolism dependent uranium accumulation consists of extracellular precipitation with metabolically produced ligands,complexation arising from excreted metabolites, or precipitation due to enzyme mediated changes in reduction state.Metabolism dependent accumulation can also involve active pumping of metals,leading to intracellular accumulation.Metabolism independent accumulation involves a physio chemical interaction between cationic uranium species and negatively charged sites in microorganisms,and can occur whether cells are living or non living(even in cell wall fragments).

关 键 词：微生物 富集铀 新陈代谢 电子转移 生物吸附 实验 

分 类 号：P619.14[天文地球—矿床学]