外源激素诱导西瓜单性结实的研究  

Studies on Exgenous Hormones Inducing Parthenocarpy of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Mansfeld)

作　　者：刘世琦[1] 邢禹贤[1] 王冰林[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺学院,泰安271018

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2003年第9期1071-1075,共5页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金资助项目 (Y96D110 64 )

摘　　要：通过 5因子 (1/ 2 )二次通用旋转回归设计与分析 ,探明了各外源激素对西瓜子房发育的影响程度 ,依次是NAA >2 ,4 D >CPPU >BA >GA3 ;在NAA 116～ 118μg·g-1、2 ,4 D 2 7μg·g-1、GA3 2 5 μg·g-1、CPPU 110～ 116 μg·g-1、BA 2 1～ 2 2 μg·g-1时 ,对西瓜子房发育效应最大。外源激素处理西瓜诱导单性结实的适宜时期为子房开花当天及花后 1d ,以微滴喷雾法于开花当天及花后 1d各处理 1次 ,可有效促进西瓜子房发育成正常商品无籽果实。外源激素诱导早、中熟西瓜单性结实 ,其坐果率 (95 %～ 10 0 % )及商品果率 (90 %～ 95 % )均比晚熟品种高 ,但平均单果重小于晚熟品种。外源激素诱导子房所发育的果实 ,可溶性固形物含量较高 ,达 9.87%～ 11.10 %。Effects of exgenous hormones on induction of parthenocarpy of watermelon were studied in this experiment. The result indicated that the effective degree of exogenous hormones for inducing watermelon ovary development was in the order of NAA>2,4-D>CPPU>BA>GA 3. The suitable prescription for inducing watermelon fruiting was NAA (116-118 μg·g -1),2,4-D (27μg·g -1),CPPU (110-116 μg·g -1),BA(21-22 μg·g -1) and GA 3(25 μg·g -1).Exogenous hormones were sprayed in minute drop 1 time at flowering and after 1 day of blooming, respectively. Application of exogenous hormones resulted in fruit setting persentage and the marketable fruit rate reached 95%-100% and 90%-95%,respectively.Soluble solid contents were 9.87%-11.10% in fruits produced by treated watermelon.

关 键 词：外源激素 基因诱导 西瓜 单性结实 试验设计 配方 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]