基于图像绘制的球面全景图生成及自动拼接技术研究  

Constructing full\|view spherical panoramic image using automatic matching by image-based rendering

作　　者：华顺刚[1] 张静[1] 欧宗瑛[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学机械工程学院研究所,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《大连理工大学学报》2003年第5期640-644,共5页Journal of Dalian University of Technology

摘　　要：提出了一种基于球面投影模型的全景图像自动拼接算法,对手持相机获得的系列照片,构建了球面全景图像.使用等距离匹配算法计算相机的焦距,以相机焦距作为球体半径,将照片图像投影至球面上.两张相邻照片拼接时,以照片的投影图像最大宽度处一个像素对应的角度(弧度)为步长,从两图像中心处开始,取一定宽度的图像块进行匹配,找到两相邻照片最佳的拼接(经度)线,实现相邻两照片的自动拼接.将系列图像的拼接结果整合,得到360°视角的全景图像;然后进行上下层全景图像的拼接,生成全视角球面全景图,效果较好.An algorithm of automatic matching between images based on the spherical model is proposed. The spherical panoramic image is constructed for a sequence of images taken from a handhold camera. The focal length of camera is estimated efficiently by using the algorithm of equidistant matching, images are warped to the surface of sphere whose radius equals to the focal length of camera. The pairs of overlapping images are registered with image strips located at an equal distance from the images center, a longitude can be found after moving some angular distance on the spherical surface, and automatic matching between images can be realized. Then image sequences are stitched to continuous panoramic image mosaics, and the panoramic image of different swathes can be stitched to the full\|view spherical panoramic image. The experimental result by this algorithm is satisfactory.

关 键 词：球面全景图 自动生成 自动拼接 图像绘制 等距离匹配算法 照片图像 虚拟现实 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]