不对称荚醚萃取铀(Ⅵ)和稀土(Ⅲ)的研究  

INVESTIGATION ON THE EXTRACTION OF URANIUM( Ⅵ) AND RARE EARTH(Ⅲ) WITH ASYMMETRY AMIDE PODANDS

作　　者：丁颂东[1] 陈文浚[1] 肖成建[1] 路强[1] 罗红英[1] 刘峻峰[1] 叶国安[2] 朱志瑄[2] 唐洪彬[2] 罗方祥[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学化学学院,四川成都610064 [2]中国原子能科学研究院放射化学研究所,北京102413

出　　处：《核化学与放射化学》2003年第3期188-192,共5页Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(29971021)

摘　　要：研究了不对称荚醚N,N' 二甲基二己基 3 氧戊二酰胺(DMDHGA)、N,N' 二甲基二辛基 3 氧戊二酰胺(DMDOGA)、N,N' 二甲基二月桂基 3 氧戊二酰胺(DMDLGA)和N,N' 二甲基二己基 3,6 二氧辛二酰胺(DMDHOA)在HNO3介质中对铀(Ⅵ)、稀土(Ⅲ)和锶(Ⅱ)的萃取行为。结果表明,随着酰胺官能团氮原子上烷基链增大,不对称荚醚萃取性能下降,与铀(Ⅵ)形成的萃合物在烷烃稀释剂中的溶解性增加。分别使用正十二烷、异辛烷和煤油作稀释剂时,DMDOGA萃取铀(Ⅵ)均出现第三相,而DMDHGA,DMDHOA和DMDL GA萃取时均不出现第三相。DMDHGA萃取铀(Ⅵ)和锶(Ⅱ)的分配比及铀(Ⅵ)与锶(Ⅱ)之间的分离系数均比对称荚醚N,N,N',N' 四丁基 3 氧戊二酰胺(TBGA)的大,有利于铀(Ⅵ)与锶(Ⅱ)的分离。DMDLGA与铀(Ⅵ)生成1∶1型萃合物;而DMDLGA和DMDOGA与混合稀土(Ⅲ)(组成以氧化物计为27%La2O3,51%CeO2,6%Pr6O11,16%Nd2O3)生成1∶2型萃合物。The extraction behavior of uranium(Ⅵ),rare earth(Ⅲ) and strontiun(Ⅱ) from nitric acid solution is investigated with N,N’-dimethl-N,N’-dihexyl-3-oxa-glutaramide(DMDHGA), N,N’-dimethyl-N,N’-dioctyl-3-oxa-glutaramide(DMDOGA), N,N’-dimethyl-N,N’-dilauryl-3-oxa-glutaramide(DMDLGA)and N,N’-dimethyl-N,N-dihexy-3,6-dioxa-octanediamide(DMDHOA). With the increase of the number of carbon in amide radicals, the extractibility of the asymmetry amide podands decreases. However,the solubility of the extraction complexes with uranium(Ⅵ) increases in aliphatic hydrocarbon diluents. By using n -C 12 H 26 , i -C 8H 18 and kerosene as diluents respectively, there is the second organic phase when DMDOGA extracts uranium(Ⅵ), but no second organic phase appears when the others asymmetry amide podands extract uranium(Ⅵ). The extraction power of asymmetry amide podand DMDHGA is higher than that of symmetry amide podand N,N,N’,N’-tetrabutyl-3- oxa-glutaramide (TBGA). The type of 1∶1 extraction complex is formed between U(Ⅵ) and DMDLGA. However, when DMDOGA and DMDLGA extract rare earth(Ⅲ) mixture(27% La 2O 3, 51% CeO 2 , 6% Pr 6O 11 , 16% Nd 2O 3) respectively, the type of 1∶2 extraction complex is formed.

关 键 词：不对称荚醚 萃取剂 铀(Ⅵ) 稀土(Ⅲ) 分离 稀释剂 Sr(Ⅱ) 

分 类 号：O614.62[理学—无机化学] O614.33[理学—化学]