流行性腮腺炎疫苗流行病学效果观察与分析  

Observation on Epidemiological Effect of Epidemic Mumps Vaccine

作　　者：陈庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]怀远县卫生防疫站,安徽怀远233400

出　　处：《安徽预防医学杂志》2003年第6期373-374,共2页Anhui Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：为进一步推广使用流行性腮腺炎疫苗 ,更好地做好流行性腮腺炎控制工作 ,对流行性腮腺炎疫苗应用效果进行了为期 2年的流行病学观察表明 ,在应急接种中 ,免疫组发病率为 1 .4 1 % ,对照组发病率为 2 8.74 % ,其保护率为 95 .0 9% ;在常规接种后 ,免疫组观察期内发病率为 8.6 3% ,对照组发病率为 35 .74 % ,保护率为 75 .85 %。不同医疗单位接种效果观察表明 ,县级医疗单位接种后观察期内发病率为 4 .2 0 % ,乡级医疗单位发病率为 6 .88% ,村卫生室发病率为 1 7.0 3% ,经统计学分析 ,县乡级医疗单位接种效果优于村卫生室(P <0 .0 1 )。不同的免疫剂次免疫效果观察表明 ,接种 2剂次后观察期内发病率为 0 .1 2 % ,接种 1剂次发病率为 5 .4 2 % ,经统计学分析接种 2剂次的免疫效果明显优于接种 1剂次者 (P <0 .0 1 )。有免疫史的病例其临床症状则轻于无免疫史者 ,且病程较短。以上说明 ,流行性腮腺炎疫苗效果较好 ,可用于疾病控制中 。Objective In order to extend or apply epidemic mumps vaccine and control epidemic mumps. Methods The author had observed the epidemiological effect of epidemic mumps vaccine for 2 years. Results It indicated that the effect of epidemic mumps vaccine was good. In vaccination to meet an emergency, incidence rate is 1.41% (5/355) in immune and 28.74%(48/167) in controls. Protective rate was 95.09% (the lowest protective rate was 88.82% with 95% confidence limit,S=3.20%) and index of effectiveness was 20.38%(the lowest EI was 12,87 with 95% confidence limit).In general vaccination, incidence rate was 8.63%(99/1 147)in immune and 35.74% (346/908) in controls. Protective rate was 75.85% (protective rate was 70.87%～80.83% in 95% confidence limit)and index of effectiveness was 4.14%(95% confidence limit calculate that it was 4.02～4.27). Effective index of vaccination was difference in different conditions. Incidence rate was 5.42%(45/830) in town departments and 17.03%(54/317) in rustic. Effective index of vaccination in town was better than that in rustic by statistical analysis (P<0.01).Another result occurred in diverse methods. Incidence rate was 0.12% in two-time immunity and 5.42% in one-off vaccination. Conclusions Epidemic mumps vaccine ccould control the disease. But vaccination condition and method should be considered.

关 键 词：流行性腮腺炎 免疫效果 疫苗 

分 类 号：R512.1[医药卫生—内科学] R186[医药卫生—临床医学]